试论魏源的改革开放思想对洋务运动的影响

魏源是鸦片战争前后中国社会转型时期的一位重要思想家。在满清王朝江河日下、内忧外患的危急情势下,他提出了对内改革弊政,对外实行开放的主张,这一思想后来被洋务派所吸收、运用,对洋务运动产生了一定的影响。     

义和团的三大革命口号及其历史定位

通过对义和团运动中“反清复明”——“扶清灭洋”——“扫清灭洋”三大革命口号的具体分析,阐明义和团战士的三次历史行为并确立其在中国农民革命斗争史上的历史地位,为进一步认清义和团反帝爱国的斗争性质及其伟大历史作用提供一个比较新颖的视角空间。     

论创新人才的培养

当今时代是知识不断创新的时代,创新人才培养是时代的要求。以培养创新人才为根本任务的高等学校,必须在教育思想上和教育实践上实现四个转变,积极探索适应以培养创新人才为目标、以综合素质为特征、以能力为中心的人才培养模式,确立和实践适应新时代要求的创新型人才的培养机制,以赢得未来教育的主动权。     

On the preservation of copula structure under truncation

The author characterizes the copula associated with the bivariate survival model of Clayton (1978) as the only absolutely continuous copula that is preserved under bivariate truncation.     

对区域经济增长路径选择的实证分析:以中部五省为例

通过采用C-D生产函数对中部五省经济增长的有关因素进行分析后认为,对中部五省经济增长影响较大的因素依次为:城市化水平、劳动就业状况、对外开放程度、固定资产投资规模。因此,推进城市化进程和促进劳动就业应成为实现中部地区经济增长的主要路径和制定经济政策的首要切入点。     

Pathways between education and health: a causal modelling approach

Summary.  The association of poor education and poor health has been consistently observed in many studies and in various countries. Thus far, studies examining the mechanisms underlying this association have looked at only a limited set of potential pathways. This study simultaneously examines six distinctive pathways, which have been hypothesized to link education and health and found support from previous studies. A causal analysis of education and health was performed using structural equation models. Data were used from six phases of the National Child Development Study, which is based on following up an initial sample of 17416 children who were born in 1958. The association between education and health appears to be explained by a combination of mechanisms: adolescent health and adult health behaviours for men and women, adult social class among men and parental social class among women. We conclude that improvements in population educational attainment may not automatically lead to improvements in population health, and that health policies for improving health and reducing health inequalities need to target specific causal pathways.     

设计素描的四种基本功

设计素描作为学习设计的一门基础课程,通过观察方法、思维方式、表现形式、立体观念和细节刻画四个方面的介绍说明设计素描对于学习产品设计的重要性.     

Reclaiming the spirit: The journeys of gay men and lesbian women toward integration

The goal of this study is to understand and describe the way gay men and lesbian women see and interpret their spiritual journeys. Its intent is to open up the variety of experiences that gay men and lesbians encounter and is, therefore, not based on a single religious tradition or path, such as through crisis or AIDS. The findings included a model which interweaves the coming out process and the spiritual journey for this group of gay men and lesbian women, highlighting the period of questioning, reclaiming, and reintegration that happens for many as they resolve their sense of themselves as sexual and spiritual. Also addressed is the choice of mainstream and non-mainstream spiritual identification. The research discussed in this report was supported in part by the University Research Council, DePaul University.     

Organization and implementation of China's national sampling survey on fertility and birth control

The Planning and Statistical Department of the State Family Planning Commission of China in July 1988 implemented a fertility and birth control survey in China on 2.16 million married women ages 15-57 using stratified, systematic, clustered, and non-proportionate sampling. 3 questionnaires were used: household, married women, and sample unit covering basic status, family planning status, general characteristics of pregnancy and contraception, population flow, deaths since 1981, and socioeconomic status. The authors suggest several international cooperative research projects including: design of fertility and contraception survey; Chinese population growth; Chinese population dynamics; dynamics of marital and family status; fertility; contraception and birth control; mortality; migration; status of the nationalities of China; population development; regional fertility status; and others. Data from the survey will be available in June 1989.