当代意大利经济学流派评介

当今,经济学家是十分走红的人物,有人甚至称他们为"当代皇室的智囊".近几年来,经济学家充斥宣传机构、各级政府和议会.在各个领域内,经济学家们都在进行着激烈的斗争.甚至两伊战争也不是将军们的意见,而是经济学家们对关闭霍尔木兹海峡所造成的后果的预测占了压倒的地位.他们似乎扮演了这场战争的主要角色.但是,如果我们注意观察一下世界经济的发展情况就会发现:经济学家们当前在经济问题面前却是一筹莫展.在如何使经济重新繁荣起来这个问题面前,市场经济的调节者们从来没有象今天这样显得无能."新经济主义者"们则表现得更加"本分",他们主张"让市场自己     

当代世界的异化

今天大量的技术力量集中在资本主义国家,增殖资本的动力促使资本主义国家给技术发展规定了明确的方向,即把它纳入剥削劳动和剥削"无产者"国家的总实践里.因此分析技术世界的异化,应首先考虑资本必然带来的不平等和不合理.由于与资本的存在相联系的现象在阶级关系和民族关系中很重要,因而要消灭某些异化形式,就必须准备进行深刻的改革,实现社会对财富的控制.但是,某些畸变的根源应该到资本以外更深的地方去寻找.当马克思研究价值的生产和积累过程中的资本运动时,资本主义生产体系还处于尚未发展成熟的初级阶段,因此不论是对价值的生产和占有的分析,还是对由此产生的异化现象的分析,都     

Statistical materials: the family in the USSR

Statistical data are presented on the family in the USSR. Data from the 1979 census are included on number of families and their distribution by size; distribution of families by size and type, social class, and nationality; number of families including members of different nationalities, 1959-1979; number of marriages and divorces, 1960-1981; changes in age at marriage, 1960-1981; and distribution of births by age of mother, 1969-1970, 1974-1975, and 1980-1981.     

Public opinion and the privatization of welfare: some theoretical implications

The social policy of the Thatcher government is characterized by an abrupt shift in the direction of the private sector. To what extent does this reflect what people want? The Institute of Economic Affairs conclude from the only suitable national opinion survey that such a move is strongly supported. Our reanalysis of their data shows that this strand in public opinion can coexist with, and need not contradict, an equal public enthusiasm for state welfare. Such results have important implications for our understanding of social policy. We conclude, therefore, with a discussion of contrasting marxist and liberal accounts which seeks to show that the evidence of ambivalence in popular attitudes about the welfare state supports particular developments in theory.     

Using macro variables in program evaluation

This paper discusses the importance of using macro-level variables for program analysis. It is argued that three types of macro variables--cultural, economic, and demographic--provide a context for evaluation, and offer alternative explanations for the success or failure of a program. The problems of causality and availability of data are discussed. Macro variables are seen to be especially useful in "meta evaluation," and in integrating the results of specific program evaluations into general conclusions.     

Pragmatic decisions in the evaluation of consumer satisfaction with mental health treatment

This article examines pragmatic choices which must be made in conducting consumer satisfaction assessment of mental health treatment. It is argued that choices involving sample, format, and procedure for examining satisfaction may influence the results of such research, and must be considered when creating or evaluating these efforts. These choices are examined in detail.