Case managers' and independent living counselors' perspectives on health promotion activities for individuals with physical and developmental disabilities

A fundamental component of maximizing the quality of life for individuals with disabilities is quality health care. We describe the perspectives of case managers and independent living counselors on the role of health promotion as a component of targeted case management services. Respondents held health promotion as an essential element of maximizing the quality of life for individuals with disabilities, although they spent more time on social services as compared to medical services. Their confidence in assisting the individuals they serve with respect to health promotion and disease management activities was demonstrably weaker than their reported knowledge levels for most items. Barriers to accessing those services might create this apparent disconnect between knowledge and confidence.     

Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies and Conflict Behaviors in Late Adolescent College Student Romantic Relationships: The Moderating Role of Generalized Attachment Representations

The goal of this investigation was to specify associations among negative mood regulation expectancies, generalized attachment representations, and conflict tactics in a sample of college students involved in a romantic relationship. It was predicted that attachment representations would moderate associations between negative mood regulation expectancies and conflict management tactics. Participants were 130 college students involved in a steady romantic relationship. They were administered the Adult Attachment Interview ( George, Kaplan, & Main, 1996 ), questionnaires that assessed negative mood regulation expectancies, and were observed for 15 min resolving conflict with their romantic partner. The results confirmed the hypotheses. For example, secure youth with high negative mood regulation expectancies displayed good conflict management behavior, whereas dismissing youth who reported high confidence displayed more undesirable behavior. Implications for future research are discussed.     

Infants Protest Their Mothers' Attending to an Infant-Size Doll

Twelve-month old infants (N = 76) experienced 4 situations of unresponsiveness in which their mothers and a stranger directed positive attention toward a doll or a picture book while they ignored the infant. Infants demonstrated more protest, negative vocalizations and inhibited play during the doll condition, particularly if the doll was held by the mother. Infant contacts with the mother were more frequent when the mother held the doll. Infants' distress during the mother/doll condition was interpreted as jealousy.     

Modeling biological data: Several vignettes

The author develops the theme of biology as a rich source of interesting problems where the data available are often noisy and multivariate. He presents various situations in which the data raise model building and inference issues. He emphasizes that appropriate modeling requires careful thought and usually provides methodological challenges. The data sets considered include bird count data, tracking data from leatherback turtles, and amino acid sequence data from primates and cetaceans.     

Robust Confidence Intervals for Regression Parameters

The paper considers the problem of finding accurate small sample confidence intervals for regression parameters. Its approach is to construct conditional intervals with good robustness characteristics. This robustness is obtained by the choice of the density under which the conditional interval is computed. Both bounded influence and S-estimate style intervals are given. The required tail area computations are carried out using the results of DiCiccio, Field & Fraser (1990).     

Status-liking-power: An analysis of two models

This study of differentiation in task groups focuses on valued behaviors and the rewards given to individuals who can perform them. Two exchange models are used to investigate three types of reward: status, likeability, and power. Model I reflects a cooperative model of differentiation in which competent people are rewarded with both status and liking while Model II reflects a competitive process in which highly competent people are respected but not liked. A mathematical correlation design incorporating magnitude estimates procedures is utilized. Subjects are 125 registered nurses employed in a university hospital. Path analysis is used to examine the two models. The results of study give unequivocal support to neither model but instead support portions of both. The three rewards, status, likeability, and power seem to be used for specific purposes in the group of nurses studied. Status is given for behavior which is scarce and valued. Competency is assumed to be such a characteristic and the data show that competency is, in fact, the sole determinant of a person's status. Power is also a reward for valued behavior, for the power one has comes directly from her status and competency. Likeability is given to individuals who are willing to help others and thus, it is suggested, that likeability is a reward given for personally pleasing rather than normatively valued behavior. It would seem, therefore, that status and likeability, while positively correlated, arise from divergent sources.     

Probabilities of Failure in Mixed Acceptance Sampling Schemes

Mixed acceptance sampling schemes are commonly used for consumer protection. In a typical application, a sample is taken from a product lot and tested to check that the average value of the sample is not less than the labelled net content, and that there is no 'unreasonable' deficiency in any individual item. Exact and approximate expressions are obtained for the probabilities of failure or success under such schemes and under a variety of conditions.