Muscle-power quality: does sex or race affect movement velocity in older adults?

To determine sex and race differences in muscle power per unit of muscle contraction, knee-extensor muscle power normalized for knee-extensor muscle volume was measured in 79 middle-aged and older adults (30 men and 49 women, age range 50-85 years). Results revealed that women displayed a 38% faster peak movement velocity than men and African Americans had a 14% lower peak movement velocity than Whites of a similar age when expressed per unit of involved muscle (p < .001). As expected, men exhibited greater knee-extensor strength and peak power per unit of muscle than women, but women had a faster knee- extension movement velocity per unit of muscle than men at the same relative strength level. Moreover, African Americans had greater knee-extensor muscle volume than Whites but exhibited lower knee-extensor strength and lower movement velocity per unit of muscle when tested at the same relative strength levels.     

Testing for abrupt breaks in variance structures with smooth changes

Abstract

We investigate the problem of testing for variance breaks in the case where the variance structure is assumed to be smoothly time-varying under the null. Since the classical tests are aimed to detect any change in the variance, they are not able to distinguish between smooth non constant variance and abrupt breaks. In this paper a new procedure for detecting variance breaks taking into account for smooth changes in the variance under the null is proposed. The finite sample properties of the test we introduce are investigated by Monte Carlo experiments. The theoretical outputs are illustrated using U.S. macroeconomic data.     

将海南建成我国南海渔业开发基地的战略构想

要使拥有广阔南海海域的海南成为南海渔业开发的基地,就应有综合开发、科技兴渔和发展名、优、特海产品的战略思想。在其战略思想指导下,建立西、南、中沙海洋捕捞基地,名、优、特海珍品养殖基地和海产品加工与储运基地,并合理地布设捕捞、养殖和加工基地     

论法律职业化的伦理精神

法律职业伦理精神在法律职业化进程中具有重大功能和作用,进而深刻地影响着法治现代化和司法现代化进程.关注人性的伦理精神,即尊重公民权利和限制国家权力,是法律职业化的逻辑起点;正义是社会体制的第一美德,崇尚正义的伦理精神构成了法律职业化的价值基础;法治是迄今为止人类治理国家和社会的最好模式,忠于法律的伦理精神是法律职业化的直接动力;珍视荣誉的伦理精神从内部维系着法律职业共同体并保证共同体的社会地位和声誉,是法律职业化的内在源泉.     

Will‐making prevalence and patterns in Australia: keeping it in the family

This article provides evidence of the prevalence of wills and the principles underpinning the intended distribution of estates in Australia. Intentions around wealth transfers and the social norms that underpin them occur in the context of predicted extensive intergenerational transfers from the ageing baby boomer generation, policies of self provision and user pays for care in old age, broader views on what constitutes ‘family’, the increased importance of the not‐for‐profit sector in the delivery of services, and the related need for philanthropy. A national telephone survey conducted in 2012 with 2,405 respondents aged 18 and over shows that wills are predominantly used to distribute assets to partners and/or equally to immediate descendants. There is little evidence that will makers are recognising a wider group of relationships, obligations and entitlements outside the traditional nuclear family, or that wills are being replaced by other mechanisms of wealth transfer. Only a minority consider bequests to charities as important. These findings reflect current social norms about entitlements to ‘family’ money, a narrow view of what and who constitutes ‘family‘, limited obligation for testators to recompense individuals or organisations for care and support provided, and limited commitment to charitable organisations and civil society.     

中国家具设计产业相关“产学研”问题探究

根据当代室内陈设的发展潮流,结合现代艺术院校对室内家具陈设品设计教学的课题研究,对比国内外优秀的家具设计工作团队发展模式和现状,我们应对中国家具设计的原创性提出要求,并引导院校和企业的良性互动,建立更加全面的设计和生产的产业链条。