DO RACIAL AND ETHNIC STEREOTYPES DEPEND ON THE SEX OF TARGET GROUP MEMBERS? Evidence from a Survey‐Based Experiment

Several social scientific perspectives suggest that racial and ethnic stereotypes vary by the sex of minority group members. However, prior research has not used survey data to test the hypothesis that the public holds strong gendered racial/ethnic stereotypes. We exploit a between-subjects experiment in the Multi-City Study of Urban Inequality to investigate the extent to which respondents' beliefs about seven attributes of four racial/ethnic target groups depend on the sex of target group members. Consistent with the "contingent" perspective of intersectionality theory, we find that effects of target group sex depend upon the extent to which particular racial/ethnic stereotypes have been gendered in American culture. However, we also find that effects of target group sex are consistently much smaller than those of race/ethnicity. We conclude by discussing implications for survey research on stereotypes across multiple status dimensions.     

Resilience as adaptation in older women

This article discusses factors that contribute to resilience in older women. Face-to-face audio taped interviews with seventeen women between the ages of seventy and eighty were the primary data source. Open-ended questions related to the experience of advantage and adversity across the life span comprised the interview guide. Paths to resilience were variously affected depending on developmental, social- structural, historical, and individual life story influences. Among seven factors that emerged as salient to resilience in the sample are the external resource of social connectedness and internal resources, including a head-on approach to challenge and spiritual grounding. Pivotal in the women's lives were curiosity and extending self to others. Moving forward with life following adversity and maverick (nontraditional) behavior facilitated preservation of the self in these resilient women.     

Relationship among grip strength,functional outcomes,and work performance following hand trauma

This study examined the relationship among the recovery grip strength, functional outcomes, and work performance following occupational therapy intervention for hand trauma. This study had a sample size of 15 participants whose recovery grip strength was measured using a Jamar dynamometer, whose satisfaction with outcomes was measured by the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ), and whose compliance with the home therapy program was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS). A Pearson r correlation demonstrated a significant relationship between recovery grip strength and two MHQ subset scores: overall hand function (r = 0.59, p = 0.019) and activities of daily living (ADL) performance (r = 0.61, p = 0.016). The participants' self-rating of compliance did not predict or influence either recovery grip strength or MHQ scores. A moderate positive correlation approaching significance (r = 0.51, p = 0.052) was found between grip strength and overall MHQ scores. The researchers concluded that a recovery grip strength measure should be used along with functional measures to appropriately assess overall hand function following hand trauma.     

Unsettling the 'learning community': From 'dialogue' to 'difference'?

The focus of this article is adult learning theory and the concept of ‘communities of learning’. Drawing on the authors' experiences as educators, it offers a critique of liberal-humanist and critical ideas about pedagogy, and draws on feminist poststructuralism to disrupt notions of ‘dialogue’, ‘community’and ‘difference’. The aim is to interrupt critical pedagogies through recognition of partial knowledges, exclusionary practices, and differences and similarities within learning communities. The article argues the need for an understanding which acknowledges both the universal and the particular, and engages with the discursive and the material realities entailed. El foco de este artículo es la teoría de aprendizaje para adultos y el concepto de ‘comunidades de aprendizaje’. Recurriendo a las experiencias de los autores como educadores, ofrece una crítica de las ideas liberales-humanistas e ideas críticas acerca de pedagogia, y recurre tambien al postestructuralismo femenista para trastocar nociones de ‘diálogo’, ‘comunidad’ y ‘diferencia’. El objectivo es interrumpir pedagogias críticas mediante el reconociemto de conocimientos parciales, prácticas exclusionarias y diferencias y similitudes entre comunidades de aprendizaje. El artículo sostiene la necesidad de un entendimiento que reconoce tanto lo universal como lo particular, y que aborda las supuestas realidades materiales y discursivas.     

ALL IN THE FAMILY: Red States,Blue States,and Postmodern Family Patterns, 2000 and 2004

In this article, we propose a new way of understanding presidential election outcomes in red and blue states in 2000 and 2004, one that takes into account state‐level variation in postmodern family patterns. Using data from the Statistical Abstract, Census, the American Community Survey, and National Vital Statistics Reports, we construct two measures of state patterns of postmodern family formation (a father‐absent family scale, and a small/delayed family scale). We find that these patterns of postmodern family formation are powerful predictors of states' percentage of votes cast for the Democratic candidate in 2000 and 2004, even after controlling for differences in the composition of states' populations and for differences in states' economic characteristics (rates of economic growth, unemployment, and poverty). We suggest ways that this approach could contribute to the literature on how individual‐level factors, such as demographic characteristics and moral values, shape voting behavior and electoral outcomes.     

Identifying and Troubleshooting Link-Resolution Issues with ILL Data

Troubleshooting when a link resolver goes wrong can be difficult as it usually relies on the user to report the problem. Using data on interlibrary loan requests that have been cancelled because the materials are available online is one way that libraries can examine where link resolvers may be failing. For the 2012/2013 school year, the Samford University Library looked at this cancelled interlibrary loan request data to determine where their new link resolver and knowledgebase needed further customization to improve the user experience. This process not only identified a number of problems all along the link resolution chain, but it also put in place an ongoing process for identifying and troubleshooting link resolution issues in the future.     

Developing a Brief Suicide Prevention Intervention and Mobile Phone Application: A Qualitative Report

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth and has become a serious public health problem. There has been limited research on strategies to decrease the likelihood of reattempt in adolescents. As phase one of a treatment development study, clinicians, parents, and adolescents participated in qualitative interviews in order to gain new perspectives on developing a targeted intervention and a safety plan phone application for suicide prevention. Participants indicated that transition of care, specific treatment targets, and safety planning were important parts of treatment. In addition, all participants endorsed the use of a smartphone application for these purposes.