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121.
Conventional and improved methods of aonla pricking were evaluated ergonomically on an experiment conducted for 20 minute with women workers. The working heart rate, energy expenditure rate, total cardiac cost of work and physiological cost of work with conventional tools varied from 93-102 beats.min-1, 6-7.5 kJ.min-1, 285-470 beats, 14 -23 beats.min-1 while with machine varied from 96-105 beats.min-1, 6.5-8 kJ.min-1 , 336-540 beats, 16-27 beats.min-1 respectively. OWAS score for conventional method was 2 indicating corrective measures in near future while with machine was 1 indicating no corrective measures. Result of Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire revealed that subjects complaint of pain in back, neck, right shoulder and right hand due to unnatural body posture and repetitive movement with hand tool. Moreover pricking was carried out in improper lighting conditions (200-300 lux) resulting into finger injuries from sharp edges of hand tool, whereas with machine no such problems were observed. Output with machine increased thrice than hand pricking in a given time. Machine was found useful in terms of saving time, increased productivity, enhanced safety and comfort as involved improved posture, was easy to handle and operate, thus increasing efficiency of the worker leading to better quality of life. 相似文献
122.
123.
Within the context of social and demographic transformation, including trend toward globalization, changing patterns of longevity and immigration, this study examines the informal support exchanges between older parents and their adult children in Indian (South Asian) multi-generational families in the United States. Guided by symbolic interactionist thought and a life course perspective, this paper draws on qualitative data from in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 10 older adults in Atlanta, Georgia to study their expectations of and experiences with family support and the principles of Grounded Theory Methods informed our analysis. Filial piety, known as seva in the Indian culture, was used as a framework by the participants to make sense of support exchanges and intergenerational relationships within their own families. Participants' accounts of support exchanges with their parents in India do not always match with the support exchanged with their children in the U.S. The similarities and differences participants speak of as they compare themselves to the traditional practices surrounding seva suggest “individualized” practices of intergenerational relationships/familial support and the influence of and interplay between individual, familial, and wider societal forces. Our findings have implications for policy and practice with older immigrant adults and their families, and shed light on the experiences of growing old in a foreign land. 相似文献
124.
Men are real, Women are 'made up': beauty therapy and the construction of femininity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Beauty therapy as an industry is multi-faceted; as a set of practices it is complex. The beauty industry has been the subject of much critique but comparatively little empirical study. Based upon research with beauty therapists themselves, this article investigates the complex relationship between femininity and beauty. The beauty industry is located within debates about the body and leisure. The growth in the beauty industry is also linked to the commodification of body practices. Despite remaining critical of the role of beauty in the lives of women, we also emphasise the fact that women are not 'cultural dopes' (Davis, 1991). The actual experiences of beauty treatments and the testimonies of women involved in the industry paint a picture of competing discourses and contradictory outcomes. This is not least because both clients and therapists deny being concerned with beauty, but rather aim to provide 'pampering', 'treatment' or 'grooming'. The beauty salon may be seen as the site of both compliance with, and escape from, a feminine ideal. The role of class, ethnicity and age in breaking down the monolithical concept of beauty and in fragmenting the experiences of beauty practices are also discussed. 相似文献
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126.
In this paper, an attempt has been made to present some efficient classes of estimators of population mean on current occasion in two-occasion successive sampling under random non response in two-phase setup. Effectiveness of the proposed classes of estimators has been studied under the assumptions that sampling units follow a distribution under the random non response. To check the performances, the proposed classes of estimators are compared with an estimator under the similar situation under the complete response. Results are demonstrated through empirical studies which show the reliable nature of the proposed classes of estimators. Suitable recommendations have been made to the survey practitioners. 相似文献
127.
In this article, we propose an extension of the Maxwell distribution, so-called the extended Maxwell distribution. This extension is evolved by using the Maxwell-X family of distributions and Weibull distribution. We study its fundamental properties such as hazard rate, moments, generating functions, skewness, kurtosis, stochastic ordering, conditional moments and moment generating function, hazard rate, mean and variance of the (reversed) residual life, reliability curves, entropy, etc. In estimation viewpoint, the maximum likelihood estimation of the unknown parameters of the distribution and asymptotic confidence intervals are discussed. We also obtain expected Fisher’s information matrix as well as discuss the existence and uniqueness of the maximum likelihood estimators. The EMa distribution and other competing distributions are fitted to two real datasets and it is shown that the distribution is a good competitor to the compared distributions. 相似文献
128.
Present investigation deals with the problem of random non response in estimation of population variance on current occasion in two-occasion successive sampling. To reduce the negative impact of random non response on both occasions, regression type imputation method has been suggested. Using auxiliary information, efficient estimation strategies have been developed for estimation of population variance on the current occasion. Estimator for the population variance is also derived as a special case when random non response occurs only on the current occasion. Empirical studies are carried out to show the dominance of suggested estimators over sample variance and exponential type estimators. Results are interpreted. 相似文献
129.
Objective: We assessed the socio-environmental and behavioral correlates of having ever had sexual intercourse among Peruvian adolescents aged 12–18 years in Lima. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. Result: Of 950 participants, 26.5% of males and 13.0% of females had ever had sexual intercourse. Early adolescents who ever had sexual intercourse had higher odds of being insulted, being involved in a fight, and smoking; whereas late adolescents having sexual experiences were more likely to be male and to report smoking, alcohol consumption, involvment in a fight, and having no/low parental understanding. Conclusion: An integrated approach is useful in addressing risk behaviors in adolescents. 相似文献
130.