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101.
Across Europe, foster care is the preferred intervention for children who cannot live with their birth families, yet just what states look for from foster care is rarely articulated. Its use and intended purpose can reflect not only historical peculiarities but also the nature of the welfare regime existing in a particular country. This article reports on a preliminary exploration of fostering across 11 European countries, reflecting different care and education traditions. Irrespective of variations in history and welfare ideology, and any specialist tasks, we argue that foster care, by its nature, fulfils elements of what might be described as an upbringing role on behalf of society. What is meant by upbringing and how might it be theorised? In this article we draw upon the work of the German social pedagogue, Klaus Mollenhauer, to develop a model of upbringing that might help elucidate what is involved in bringing up children, including those in state care. The idea of passing on a valued cultural heritage is central to Mollenhauer's understanding of upbringing. This happens regardless of social policy intent merely by virtue of shared daily living and the development of pedagogical relationships. We argue that a concept of upbringing might offer an integrating cross-generational theoretical framework for foster care across different welfare regimes. 相似文献
102.
Cameron McKenzie 《Journal of gay & lesbian social services》2020,32(2):240-260
AbstractThis study examines the impact of neoliberal policy—which introduces competition for funding and pressure to professionalize and bureaucratize—on the working conditions and precarity of a purposive sample of southern Ontario (Canada) organizations dealing with LGBTQ?+?health. Findings from semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 20 community-based organization stakeholders and government bureaucrats confirmed that neoliberal policy pressures these organizations to professionalize and bureaucratize, while restricting political advocacy. Queer Liberation Theory’s three central tenets of anti-assimilationism, solidarity across movements, and the political economy of queer health are used to understand the situation and possible futures for third-sector organizations within the LGBTQ?+?movement. 相似文献
103.
T. G. McFadden Hazel Cameron Linda Heichman Shelley Myer Susan L. Scheiberg 《Serials Review》2013,39(2):157-159
AbstractWorkflow mapping can yield valuable results wherever complex processes are used. Some of its many benefits include knowledge retention, identification of inefficiencies, and more effective decision making. However, despite the promise of improved productivity and stewardship of library resources, tackling diagrams of complex and often long-unexamined workflows can seem too daunting a task to even attempt—at least without the right tool. This review takes a look at the robust features for flowchart creation offered by Lucidchart, a free online software that greatly reduces the challenges of constructing complicated diagrams. Lucidchart’s intuitive interface and built-in library of templates and design elements bring the benefits of visual mapping well within the reach of busy librarians and managers attempting to chart, understand, and streamline workflows in their units. 相似文献
104.
105.
Demographers, as early as Malthus, have assumed that in traditional China the positive check, mortality, was largely beyond human control. This paper re-examines the role of the positive check in late imperial China through an analysis of an historical source of unprecedented demographic detail and accuracy: the genealogy of the Qing (1644–1911) imperial lineage. Basing ourselves on our calculations on the infant, child, and young adult mortality of 33,000 lineage members born in Beijing between 1700 and 1840, we conclude that during the late eighteenth century, many lineage couples regularly used infanticide to control the number and sex of their infants. At the same time, they also took advantage of innovations in paediatric care to protect the children they decided to keep. Although these results derive from an elite population, they, nevertheless, call into question our understanding of the operation of the positive check in late imperial China's demographic system, suggesting a much larger potential role for individual agency than was previously thought. 相似文献
106.
Purpose To describe the development of a model for estimating the effects of tobacco use upon Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs)
and to estimate the impact of tobacco use on health outcomes for the United States (US) population using the model.
Method We obtained estimates of tobacco consumption from 6 years of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). In addition, NHIS
data were used to impute the Quality of Well-Being (QWB) Scale using a new methodology known as QWBX1. The QWB places health
status on a continuum ranging from death (0.0) to full functioning without symptoms (1.0). The method allows the adjustment
of life expectancy for reduced quality of life associated with health conditions. NHIS data were matched to the National Death
Index for 14,464 deaths occurring by December 31, 1997. The analysis is limited to adults between the ages of 18 and 70 years.
Results Quality of Well-Being scores were broken down by age and for six smoking categories: (1) non-smokers, (2) those who smoke
1–10 cigarettes per day, (3) 11–20 cigarettes per day, (4) 21–30 cigarettes per day, and (5) 31–40 cigarettes per day, and
(6) 40 or greater cigarettes per day. There was a systematic relationship between current tobacco use and health-related quality
of life at each point along the age spectrum and there was a clear and systematic separation of quality-adjusted life expectancy
by number of cigarettes smoked per day. Teenagers who continue to smoke loose 3.5 QALYs between ages 18 and 70 in comparison
to non-smokers. A greater portion in the loss in QALE is attributable to quality of life than to shorten life expectancy.
Conclusions The overall goal of Healthy People 2010 is to increase Years of Healthy Life (or QALE) in the United States. Each year, tobacco
use results in hundreds of thousands of quality-adjusted life years lost. Combined models of morbidity and mortality incorporating
a range of tobacco consumption levels are required to best represent the impact of tobacco use.
Supported by a Grant 11RT-0243 from the Californian Tobacco Related Disease Research Program (TRDRP) 相似文献
107.
Valuing publicly sponsored research projects: Risks,scenario adjustments,and inattention 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daniel R. Burghart Trudy Ann Cameron Geoffrey R. Gerdes 《Journal of Risk and Uncertainty》2007,35(1):77-105
Survey-based choice scenarios used to value non-market public goods typically preclude any risk that the benefits described
may not be delivered. Our survey specifies explicit risks of (a) outright program failure and (b) program redundancy due to
possible private sector substitutes. Additionally, most analyses assume that survey subjects fully accept these scenarios
and that all provided information receives their complete attention. Our discounted expected utility model of choice accommodates
both these objective risks and the possibility of subjective scenario adjustment or selective inattention by respondents.
We then counterfactually simulate willingness-to-pay in the absence of these distortions.
相似文献
Trudy Ann CameronEmail: |
108.
Janice C. Marceaux Cameron L. Melville 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2011,27(1):171-190
This study examined the efficacy of two group treatments for pathological gambling, a node-link mapping-enhanced cognitive-behavioral
group therapy (CBGT-mapping) and twelve-step facilitated (TSF) group treatment. Forty-nine participants meeting criteria for
pathological gambling were recruited from local newspaper advertisements. These participants were randomly assigned to one
of three conditions: TSF (n = 11), CBGT-mapping (n = 18), and Wait-List control (n = 9); 11 refused treatment prior to randomization. Outcome measures included number of DSM-IV criteria met, perception of
control/self-efficacy, desire to gamble, and frequency of gambling episodes. Analyses revealed a significant treatment group × time
interaction (η2partial = .39). Specifically, the group treatments resulted in significant improvements in the dependent measures, while the Wait-List
group remained relatively stable. Overall, CBGT-mapping and TSF had no significant differences on any outcome measure at follow-up
assessments. Analysis of post-treatment and 6-month follow-up reveal a significant improvement in gambling outcomes (i.e.,
fewer DSM-IV criteria met, greater self-efficacy, and fewer gambling episodes (η2partial = .35), with treatment gains maintained at 6 months. These results are consistent with previous research for group treatment
for pathological gambling and provide support for the utility of TSF and a mapping-based CBT therapy as viable intervention
for pathological gambling. 相似文献
109.
Previous work by Diffo Lambo and Moulen [Theory and Decision 53, 313–325 (2002)] and Felsenthal and Machover [The Measurement of Voting Power, Edward Elgar Publishing Limited (1998)], shows that all swap preserving measures of voting power are ordinally equivalent on any swap robust simple voting game. Swap preserving measures include the Banzhaf, the Shapley–Shubik and other commonly used measures of a priori voting power. In this paper, we completely characterize the achievable hierarchies for any such measure on a swap robust simple voting game. Each possible hierarchy can be induced by a weighted voting game and we provide a constructive proof of this result. In particular, the strict hierarchy is always achievable as long as there are at least five players. 相似文献
110.
This paper presents the findings of research into Children's Court practice in Victoria (Australia) regarding child protection matters involving parental disability. The research examined Court records of hearings and considered the practices of the Court in the light of the particular needs of parents with a disability. The research found that such parents were often unrepresented and that formal Court interventions only infrequently made recommendations regarding the support, training and advice such parents needed in order to retain or regain care of their children. The anecdotal experience of parents with a disability that their capacity to care was likely to be more harshly judged than that of non-disabled parents, was supported. The research also suggested that the assumption of a nexus between parental disability and inability to care must be challenged, given the imperatives of legislation and child protection philosophy. 相似文献