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31.
Morten Nordberg 《LABOUR》2008,22(3):411-445
Abstract. We use structural estimation techniques to analyse labour supply effects of changes in economic incentives for individuals who have just finished vocational rehabilitation in Norway. The complicated and sometimes non‐convex budget sets for this group of marginal workers are accounted for. We also focus on the limitation in the choice sets this group faces. Parametric bootstrap and simulation techniques are applied to construct confidence intervals for the predicted impacts of changes in the economic environment. The results show that there is a small to moderate effect of changes in economic incentives on the chance of vocational rehabilitation bringing individuals back to employment. We also find that individual health status and local labour market conditions are the most important factors affecting the transition from rehabilitation to work. 相似文献
32.
In this study, using a three wave qualitative longitudinal data set, we explored patterns of change in gambling behavior among a sample of young Danes. A total of 48 informants participated in all three sweeps of interviews. The overall aim was to explore the complexities and social contexts, as well as the subjective meanings that underlie gambling behavior changes. We identified four different types of gambling pathways, each illustrating different types of movement over time: intensification; reduction; stability, and those that were non-linear. Our overall finding was that transitions or oscillations in behavior are more common than a progressive linear gambling pattern, and that these changes are affected by a number of contextual factors. The implications for further research and policy are discussed. 相似文献
33.
Molly Brown Camilla Cummings Jennifer Lyons Andrés Carrión Dennis P. Watson 《Journal of Social Distress and the Homeless》2018,27(2):110-117
This study examined the reliability and validity of the Vulnerability Index-Service Prioritization Decision Assistance Tool (VI-SPDAT), a widely-used assessment of the health and social vulnerabilities and housing needs of individuals experiencing homelessness. Homeless Management Information System data were obtained for 1495 individuals who were administered the VI-SPDAT between 2014 and 2016. Subsamples were selected for reliability and validity assessments. Results suggest there are challenges to the reliability and validity of the VI-SPDAT in practical use. VI-SPDAT total scores did not significantly predict risk of return to homeless services, while type of housing was a significant predictor. Vulnerability assessment instruments have important implications for communities working to end homelessness by facilitating prioritization of scarce housing resources. Findings suggest that further testing and development of the VI-SPDAT is necessary. 相似文献
34.
Camilla Toulmin 《Development policy review : the journal of the Overseas Development Institute》1986,4(4):345-353
Book reviewed in this article: Pastoral Man in the Garden of Eden: The Maasai of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania. By Kaj Arhem Livestock Development in Kenya's Maasailand: Pastoralists' Transition to a Market Economy. By Phylo Evangelou Tenants and Nomads in Eastern Sudan: A Study of Economic Adaptations in the New Harfa Scheme. By Gunnar M . Sorbo Animal Health Services in SubSaharan Africa: Alternative Approaches. By Cornelis de Haan and Nico J. Nissen Food Production and Rural Development in the Sahel: Lessons from Mali's Operation Riz-Segou. By James R. Bingen Population, Health and Nutrition in the Sahel: Issues in the Werfare of Selected West African Communities. Edited by Allan G. Hill The Camelid: an All Purpose Animal. Edited by Ross W. Cockrill 相似文献
35.
Anne Nordberg Marcus R. Crawford Regina T. Praetorius Schnavia Smith Hatcher 《Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal》2016,33(2):137-149
Recent deaths by police of unarmed minority youth have raised important questions about the nature and outcomes of involuntary minority youth-police encounters. Youth are the most surveilled group of Americans and minority youth frequently live in neighborhoods disproportionately targeted for proactive policing (i.e., using broad police discretion to “target” those most likely to be engaged in criminal activity before criminal acts become apparent). Understanding the experiences of minority youth who encounter police officers is of critical concern for social workers in many practice and research areas. Social workers must examine how a minority person’s perceptions are formed through repeated, frequent, involuntary encounters with the police. The purpose of this qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis was to capture these experiences through the voices of minority youth in recounting their contacts with the police. Four themes were identified: dangerous, controlling, prejudiced, and ineffective. Further reduction of these themes resulted in an overarching theme that captures the essences of these youth’s experiences: dehumanization. These results enhance understanding of minority youth experience with police officers and, thus, inform social work advocacy efforts around this issue in both practice and research arenas. 相似文献
36.
Camilla Gaiaschi 《Gender, Work and Organization》2019,26(11):1562-1588
Women have made significant progress in the medical profession, but despite this trend towards equality, the gender pay gap persists. This study investigates the determinants of earning differentials among physicians in Italy. This analysis is based on a dataset of more than 1000 doctors working in five hospitals in the Lombardy region. Data were collected through an online survey with a response rate of 48.7 per cent. Women's concentration in the lower ranks of the career ladder, their lower propensity to work as private practitioners and their lower concentration in surgical specialties contribute to the gender income gap. Having children and a spouse or a cohabiting partner entails a premium on income for men, but no penalty for women, which suggests that positive discrimination towards fathers and husbands is stronger than negative discrimination towards mothers and wives. On the other hand, the gender gap associated with marital and parental status is stronger in public hospitals than in private hospitals, at least up to the second child. Once differences in characteristics are controlled, women earn 18 per cent less than men. This penalty should be ascribed to employer's discrimination and/or unobserved characteristics. These findings challenge the human capital perspective by calling for attention into the role of structural mechanisms in producing inequalities. 相似文献
37.
Camilla Orjuela 《全球网;跨国事务杂志》2022,22(1):166-179
This article analyses diaspora mobilization for transitional justice as efforts to gain recognition for victim-based identities. Building on research among diaspora groups from Rwanda and Sri Lanka in North America and Europe, the article investigates how diaspora actors in their quest for victimhood recognition navigate, make use of and challenge labels such as “victim”, “perpetrator”, “genocide”, “survivor” and “terrorist”. The article uses Jacoby's theory of victimhood to draw attention to the diasporic space as particularly conducive for recognition struggles, and discuss the different stages through which victim-based identities are constructed. The empirical examples reveal how serveral competing and interrelated processes towards victimhood recognition are simultaneously at work, and how diaspora actors both refute and creatively make use of categories that assign blame or signal victimhood and resilience. 相似文献
38.
The development of a strong ethnic identity has been considered to relate to psychological well-being. The aim of this article is to critically review the literature relating to ethnic identity and positive outcomes in looked after and adopted children from ethnic minority groups. A literature search of SCOPUS, PsycINFO, and Medline databases from 2000 to 2010 was conducted to identify qualifying published studies. Studies that pertained to ethnic identity development in children in relation to positive outcomes, adjustment, self-esteem, and psychological well-being were reviewed. Overall, evidence from the studies was mixed, with strong ethnic identity not always found to be indicative of improved psychological adjustment. Methodological limitations of the reviewed studies are discussed, and clinical implications and recommendations for future research are presented. 相似文献
39.
Camilla Nordberg 《International Journal of Social Welfare》2013,22(1):111-111
40.
Vignoli Daniele Minello Alessandra Bazzani Giacomo Matera Camilla Rapallini Chiara 《Revue europeenne de demographie》2022,38(1):93-124
European Journal of Population - In recent years, fertility rates have declined in most wealthy countries. This phenomenon has largely been explained by focusing on the rise of economic... 相似文献