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111.
Schervish Paul G. Havens John J. 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2002,13(1):47-71
This paper describes the theoretical foundations, empirical findings, and practical and philosophical implications of the Boston Area Diary Study (BADS), a study of the caring behavior of 44 participants over one calendar year. In particular, the paper presents an identification theory of care and discusses how it shaped the conceptualization, collection, and analysis of the data in a year-long diary study of daily voluntary assistance. The findings from the BADS (1) theoretically confirm the identification theory of care; (2) methodologically capture how individuals perceive and carry out caring behavior as a unity; and (3rpar; empirically document the existence of a moral citizenship in America that is substantially more vigorous than is implied by the usual indicators of civic and political citizenship. 相似文献
112.
Rootes Christopher 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2002,13(4):411-429
To illuminate the obstacles to the development of a global civil society, the experience of the most developed transnational social movement—the environmental movement—in the most developed supranational political system—the European Union—is considered. National differences are shown to be persistent and there is little evidence of Europeanization. It is argued that the impediments to the development of a global civil society are yet greater and that, despite the advent of antiglobalization protests, global civil society remains an aspiration rather thanan accomplished fact 相似文献
113.
Enabling a Powerful Marine and Offshore Decision-Support Solution Through Bayesian Network Technique 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A powerful practical solution is by far the most desired output when making decisions under the realm of uncertainty on any safety-critical marine or offshore units and their systems. With data and information typically being obtained incrementally, adopting Bayesian network (BN) is shown to realistically deal with the random uncertainties while at the same time making risk assessments easier to build and to check. A well-matched methodology is proposed to formalize the reasoning in which the focal mechanism of inference processing relies on the sound Bayes's rule/theorem that permits the logic. Expanding one or more influencing nodal parameters with decision and utility node(s) also yields an influence diagram (ID). BN and ID feasibility is shown in a marine evacuation scenario and that of authorized vessels to floating, production, storage, and offloading collision, developed via a commercial computer tool. Sensitivity analysis and validation of the produced results are also presented. 相似文献
114.
Testing regression lack of fit without replication: a tutorial around Minitab's XLOF procedures 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A. J. Lawrance 《Journal of applied statistics》1994,21(6):541-548
The tutorial is concerned with two types of test for the general lack of fit of a linear regression model, as found in the Minitab software package, and which do not require replicated observations. They aim to identify non-specified curvature and interaction in predictors, by comparing fits over the predictor region divided into two parts. Minitab's regression subcommand XLOF which gives the tests is only briefly documented in the manual and, unlike virtually all other statistical procedures in the software, it is not standard and cannot be readily found in textbooks. The two types of test are described here; they concern the predictors one-at-a-time and the predictors all-at-once. An example of their use is given. A suite of macros is available which reproduces the results of the XLOF tests in much more detail than is given by the XLOF subcommand. 相似文献
115.
Christopher G. Ellison 《The Sociological quarterly》1991,32(3):477-494
Using data from the 1979–1980 National Survey of Black Americans (NSBA), this study investigates the relationships between religious involvement and two sets of racial orientations: identification , or feelings of closeness and commonality of interests among blacks, and separatism , or support for cultural and institutional distance from whites. Both public religious participation and private religious devotion are strong positive predictors of racial identification, net of the effects of sociodemographic factors. However, the positive effects of devotion on identification are diminished sharply among blacks over 60 years of age. In addition, members of tradition black denominations (i.e., Baptists and Methodists) express substantially stronger black identity than do their unaffiliated counterparts. In contrast to models of racial identification, religious involvement bears little consistent relationship to separatism. Relatively strong separatist sentiment is found among (1) frequent churchgoers ages 30–59 and (2) adherents of nontraditional religions (e.g., Muslims). In general, these results cast doubt on the arguments of some critics of the black church, who claim that religion undermines collective identification. Mainstream black religious culture appears to encourage inclusive, but not exclusive, racial solidarity. 相似文献
116.
John A. Eccleston Deborah J. Street 《Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics》1994,36(3):371-378
This paper presents an algorithm for the construction of optimal or near optimal change-over designs for arbitrary numbers of treatments, periods and units. Previous research on optimality has been either theoretical or has resulted in limited tabulations of small optimal designs. The algorithm consists of a number of steps:first find an optimal direct treatment effects design, ignoring residual effects, and then optimise this class of designs with respect to residual effects. Poor designs are avoided by judicious application of the (M, S)-optimality criterion, and modifications of it, to appropriate matrices. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated by examples. 相似文献
117.
118.
This study examines the effect of unionization, right-to-work laws, and participation of women in the labor force on income
inequality. Two distinct models are developed using 1970 and 1980 census data on the 50 states in the U.S. First, an income
inequality model is specified as a beta distribution of the second kind to estimate Gini measures of income inequality. Second,
these Gini estimates are used in a simultaneous equations model. The 1970 results indicate that higher unionization rates
decreased inequality while right-to-work laws increased inequality. In 1980, the measure of inequality was lower in states
with higher female labor force participation.
We thank an unknown referee and the editor for comments and criticisms that greatly improved the paper. The usual caveat applies. 相似文献
119.
120.
The Czech Republic is changing rapidly and its current economic transformation is a strain on Czech families. In this study, the connection between economic strain and individual well-being is investigated via mailed questionnaires from 234 households in the Czech Republic. For Czech women, depression rises more with economic strain than does hostility, while Czech men become more hostile than depressed in the face of economic strain. For women, social support is a buffer between economic strain and hostility, whereas self-esteem is a buffer for depression. For men, both self-esteem and social support exacerbate hostility in the context of economic strain. 相似文献