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101.
Spevak C 《Physician executive》2003,29(1):30-34
Physician executives should manage their career strategies like a well-run company. Learn how to start thinking aout your career strategy. 相似文献
102.
Nuttall C 《Evaluation review》2003,27(3):267-289
By examining the history of the random experiment in the Home Office in the United Kingdom, this article demonstrates that research is not an altogether rational process and that fashion, personality, and politics are at least as important as science and evidence when setting research and policy programs and determining methodologies. The article also shows that even in 1970, the research world was a village and that issues and fashions on one side of it could determine the outcome of decisions on the other side, even though they had no direct relevance. On a more optimistic note, the article shows how the fashions go in cycles so that if you could not get the research funded in the last cycle, just wait 20 years for the cycle to come around and try again. 相似文献
103.
Use of a conceptual model of societal drivers of ecological change in South Florida: Implications of an ecosystem management scenario 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Harwell Christine C. Deren Christopher W. Snyder George H. Solecki William D. Wilson James Harwell Mark A. 《Urban Ecosystems》1999,3(3-4):345-368
Human-dominated ecosystems such as in South Florida's Everglades region are greatly affected by societal actions and choices, and efforts to restore degraded ecosystems must take into account the societal drivers of ecosystem change. A conceptual model of societal-ecological interactions within the region illustrates connections between major societal drivers, such as water management and land use, and ecological stressors, such as loss of habitat and nutrient loading. Using the conceptual model as an initial guide for discussion, examination of a restoration scenario for the region shows that social and economic effects from activities proposed in a restoration scenario will likely affect most sectors of South Florida. Political effects from changing land and water management practices likely will be significant, as will the physical effects of changing water structures and management practices. Conceptual models such as this can aid in the initial stages of ecosystem restoration discussions and can assist in planning for subsequent social science evaluations of specific societal impacts of actual proposed governmental restoration alternatives. In crafting restoration scenarios, local, regional, and national decision makers can use conceptual models such as this to help broaden the early considerations of how possible future changes in societal drivers, including management choices, will change ecological stressors that affect ecosystem health. 相似文献
104.
105.
This paper numerically examines the size robustness of various conditional moment tests in misspecified tobit and probit models. The misspecifications considered include the incorrect exclusion of regressors, ignored heteroskedasticity and false distributional assumptions. An important feature of the experimental design is that it is based on an existing empirical study and is more realistic than many simulation studies. The tests are seen to have mixed performance depending on both the original null hypothesis being tested and type of misspecification encountered. 相似文献
106.
Bart Soenens Maarten Vansteenkiste Luc Goossens Bart Duriez Christopher P. Niemiec 《Social Development》2008,17(3):661-681
This study investigated the associations among psychologically controlling parenting, relational aggression, friendship quality, and loneliness during adolescence. A model was proposed in which relational aggression plays an intervening role in the relations between both parental psychological control and friendship outcomes. In a sample comprised of middle adolescents and their parents, process analyses revealed that psychological control (indexed by parent and adolescent reports) positively predicted adolescents' self-reported relational aggression that, in turn, negatively predicted friendship quality and positively predicted loneliness. The model held for both mothers and fathers and was not moderated by adolescent gender. The discussion focuses on possible mechanisms explaining the relations among psychological control, relational aggression, and friendship outcomes. 相似文献
107.
We examine methods for reducing respondent burden in evaluating alter–alter ties on a set of network structural measures. The data consist of two sets, each containing 45 alters from respondent free lists: the first contains 447 personal networks, and the second 554. Respondents evaluated the communication between 990 alter pairs. The methods were (1) dropping alters from the end of the free-list, (2) randomly dropping alters, (3) randomly dropping links, and (4) predicting ties based on transitivity. For some measures network structure is captured with samples of less than 20 alters; other measures are less consistent. Researchers should be aware of the need to sample a minimum number of alters to capture structural variation. 相似文献
108.
Christopher D. Ives Grant C. Hose David A. Nipperess Mark Patrick Taylor 《Urban Ecosystems》2011,14(1):1-16
Protecting riparian corridors is a commonly applied environmental policy in urban landscapes. However, empirical data demonstrating
their efficacy for biodiversity conservation outcomes is scarce. In this study we investigated whether riparian corridor width
influences the diversity and community structure of ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and vascular plant assemblages therein.
Eighteen corridors of differing widths were selected from within the Ku-ring-gai Local Government Area, Sydney Australia.
Ants were sampled using pitfall traps positioned within rectangular vegetation transects (30 × 10 m). Both ant and plant species
richness, when standardised for sampling effort, were unrelated to riparian corridor width. However, significant compositional
differences between sites were evident with increased width up to ~50 m. Narrow corridors contained greater abundances of
opportunistic ant species and higher proportions of exotic plants. We interpret this to be the result of the greater disturbance/edge
influence derived from adjacent upland urban environments. Site beta diversity did not increase with corridor width, suggesting
that the exclusion of novel upslope habitats in narrow riparian corridors is not a significant cause of community assemblage
modification at these sites. To minimise the impact of deleterious edge effects on ant fauna, environmental managers should
seek to retain riparian corridors wider than ~50 m. However, we observed substantial between-site variability of biotic assemblages,
irrespective of corridor width. Therefore we recommend that environmental management practice needs to take a catchment-wide
approach and consider other parameters that may contribute to riparian health so as to optimise the protection of riparian
biodiversity. 相似文献
109.
Christopher Field 《Revue canadienne de statistique》1985,13(3):201-210
The approach to normality of an estimate is displayed graphically by the nonlinearity in the derivative of the log density, and this nonlinearity is related to the accuracy of the normal approximation for the tail area. Using techniques from small-sample asymptotics, an alternate proof of the central limit theorem is given and same indices of tail behavior are examined. 相似文献
110.