楚文化的特点及影响

楚文化是我国古文化的重要一支 ,它是以江汉地区为中心 ,在原始宗教、巫术、神话的沃土中发展起来的一支由楚人创造的具有浓郁地方色彩的开放而多元的南国文化。原始楚文化以神巫性、浪漫性、卓然不屈的文化精神的总体特征 ,对文学加以渗透 ,形成了南楚文学的独特风格 ,为后世中华民族灿烂文化的形成和发展做出了突出贡献     

文学批评理论的双重话语--基于问题意识的再审

作为文学研究的当代知识范型,批评理论在对传统文论的超越中,逐步形成了自己阐释文学的基本思路。新时期以来的中国文论形态却往往从审美关系论域出发,以批评模式对它进行诠释和界说。由此,忽视了贯穿于其中的问题意识与文学研究理论构成之间的对应关联,淡化乃至消解了批评理论的双重性质。正视并阐明当代文学批评理论的话语构成和理论视域,对于当代中国文论更新观念形貌、介入本土文学具有重要的意义。     

中国C2C电子商务网站的用户体验

通过学生用户试用在两个不同文化背景下设计出来的C2C电子商务网站——淘宝网和Ebay易趣,并进行初次网上购物体验活动,以及对测试后满意度问卷的分析,结果显示:在用户决定购买的过程中,网站概念/功能的传递和表达对用户的影响最大,它们会影响到用户的初次购买决定;而流程的跳转以及交互行为的不平衡会对用户的购买过程造成影响;对用户初次购物总体评价影响最大的是功能满足。两个网站的系统可用性与界面设计不能决定用户的总体评价,但却会影响到用户对网站的感觉。因此,创建一个对用户有用、好用和想用的购物网站就必须要满足功能、交互以及冲击三个层次的要求。     

Trends in bird species richness,abundance and biomass along a tropical urbanization gradient

Impacts of urbanization on biodiversity are commonly studied using urbanization gradients which provide a space-for-time substitution in estimating consequences of urban expansion. Rates of urbanization and human population growth are high in tropical countries of the developing world, which also hold most of the world’s biodiversity hot-spots, yet few studies have considered biodiversity trends along urban gradients in these regions. Bird communities across a gradient of nine sites in Uganda, from the city centre of Kampala to outlying rural locations, were studied over a six year period. These sites were ordered along an urbanization gradient using Principle Components Analysis based on habitat variables estimated at each site. Bird species richness showed a decrease from rural to urban sites, a trend especially evident in forest birds. There was no clear pattern in total abundance, total biomass or biomass per individual along the gradient. However, this latter result was heavily influenced by a colony of Marabou Storks at one site. When this species was omitted, there was evidence of a positive trend with urbanization, showing that as species richness decreased, the bird community was increasingly dominated by larger species with increasing urbanization, which were mainly scavengers able to exploit human refuse. These results provide further support for the negative impacts of urbanization on species richness, but also demonstrate trends in abundance and biomass are variable across different regions. In particular, the increasing dominance of larger species in urban areas may be relevant to certain geographic and/or socioeconomic contexts.     

The Methuselah Effect: The Pernicious Impact of Unreported Deaths on Old-Age Mortality Estimates

We examine inferences about old-age mortality that arise when researchers use survey data matched to death records. We show that even small rates of failure to match respondents can lead to substantial bias in the measurement of mortality rates at older ages. This type of measurement error is consequential for three strands in the demographic literature: (1) the deceleration in mortality rates at old ages; (2) the black-white mortality crossover; and (3) the relatively low rate of old-age mortality among Hispanics, often called the “Hispanic paradox.” Using the National Longitudinal Survey of Older Men matched to death records in both the U.S. Vital Statistics system and the Social Security Death Index, we demonstrate that even small rates of missing mortality matching plausibly lead to an appearance of mortality deceleration when none exists and can generate a spurious black-white mortality crossover. We confirm these findings using data from the National Health Interview Survey matched to the U.S. Vital Statistics system, a data set known as the “gold standard” (Cowper et al. 2002) for estimating age-specific mortality. Moreover, with these data, we show that the Hispanic paradox is also plausibly explained by a similar undercount.     

Women’s attitudes towards the medicalization of childbirth and their associations with planned and actual modes of birth

Problem

Rates of medical interventions in childbirth have greatly increased in the Western world.

论辅导员博客在高校学生工作中的应用

新形势下,高校需要迅速转变教育观念,开拓新的学生工作方式和渠道.辅导员博客因其具有改变交流方式、增强师生情感、促进资源共享、增强网络思想政治教育互动性等优势成为当前高校辅导员拓展大学生思想政治教育和学生工作的新载体.在高校学生工作中利用辅导员博客的优势建立三位一体的博客管理模式,班级信息管理机制和进行后台管理的方法可以不断提高管理效率,优化管理机制.这不仅为辅导员开展大学生思想政治工作提供了高效的信息传播手段,而且为大学生思想政治教育的开展提供了有利的平台.     

关于重庆市高校网络党建工作的调查与思考

重庆市高校网络党建是新时期加强党的建设,加快重庆市高等教育事业的重要建设。网络环境下高校党建工作与传统的高校党建工作相互交错、相互渗透并互为补充,高等学校作为培养人才的基地,将高校党建工作置于网络环境下研究,成为做好新形势下高校党建工作的迫切要求。针对高校网络党建工作存在的问题和原因,应从提高认识,把握高校党建工作的方向性;严格选拔,形成多方投入的教育合力;强化学习,提升高校党建工作者综合素质;明确标准,运用网络优化高校党建的具体环节;建章立法,规范高校网络党建管理体制;创新形式,加强网络环境下高校校园文化建设;促进载体创新,增强工作吸引力、渗透力和生命力等方面入手,加强重庆市高校网络党建工作的对策研究。