传统形而上学的价值及其限度--从"生命现象"的视角看

反思传统哲学的价值,实质上就是反思传统形而上学的价值。只有把形而上学理解为一种“生命现象”,即一种以理论形式所表达的人们超越“未成年”的幼稚状态并追求自身“成熟状态”或“理想生命”的心理定势和生命冲动。才能抓住形而上学的核心。从“生命现象”的视角出发,将使我们看清形而上学所包含的“启蒙精神”、“反思批判的自由精神”和“乌托邦精神”在促进“人的成熟”方面所具有的积极价值,同时也洞察到由于其“总体主义”、“非历史性”和“绝对主义”原则与真正的“人的成熟状态”之间的内在冲突,因此,形而上学的价值又是有限度的     

学术史的新探索--《中国学术通史》宋元明卷

在从近代西方全面移植其学科分类体系并将其固定化之前,我国学术界有过不少“学术史”、“学术思想”的研究,其中梁启超的《清代学术概论》和《中国近三百年学术史》,可称是最有影响的代表。随着大学和科研机构在学科建制上的定型化,文学、史学、哲学三大主干鼎立支撑的人文学观念深入人心,上世纪40年代此种名为学术史的研究已经渐少,50年代以后至80年代,更几乎绝迹。学科分类的制度作用,于此可见。但人的思考不会甘于被分类所限制,随着人们对中国文化的认识的深入,从上世纪90年代初一些学者对“学术史研究”的初感兴趣,到90年代中期“中国…     

The Saving for Every Child Program in Israel: an overview of a universal asset-building policy

ABSTRACT

In 2017, the Israeli government implemented a universal child development account programme – the Saving for Every Child Program (SECP) – which establishes a personal savings account for every Israeli child and provides monthly deposits until the child turns 18. The SECP has the potential to provide substantial assets when children reach adulthood, but the benefits depend on parents’ investment choices. The unique programme’s nature presents opportunities to learn from its implementation. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the SECP, its legislative history, early findings from its implementation, and recommendations that may improve programme participation and outcomes across population groups.     

所谓"围绕规范"--续谈方法论意义上的规范宪法学

在解说性的传统方法仍占主导地位的当下我国宪法学界,方法多元化的现象也已次第呈现,"规范宪法学"或可视为其中一端.它不是完全突兀的个人构想,而是秉承了"规范(性)法学"的深厚传统以及有关"规范宪法"学说的理想;它主张适度地返回规范主义,但又不至于完全退到法律实证主义的立场;它以宪法解释学为核心的方法定位,但又涵盖更多的方法论上的视角和手段;它以三种的姿态力图"围绕规范形成思想",但又不断躬身自问"围绕"什么样的"规范"这一超"法教义学"的终极问题.     

Conservative Ideas and Social Policy in the United States

This article explores social policy development in the United States since the beginning of the George W. Bush presidency. Starting from an analysis of the discourse about compassionate conservatism at the centre of the 2000 presidential campaign and proceeding to a discussion of the meaning of the more recent ownership society blueprint, it underlines the fragmented nature of the conservative policy agenda in the United States. Yet, the article suggests that, despite this fragmentation, the ideological dominance of the right and the related absence of needed reform in key policy areas are of great significance for the future of federal social policy. Overall, the article shows how paying close attention to the nature of conservative ideas improves our understanding of social policy development in the United States. As argued, the old liberal and the traditionalist sides of American conservatism have inspired distinct yet related blueprints and reform proposals that both promote a scaling-down of existing federal social programmes and a return to traditional forms of economic security (i.e. charity and personal savings). The article underlines the relationship between these blueprints and policy drift.     

Chemical Accidents in the United States, 1990–1996

Objective. Much of the empirical work on environmental justice centers on the geographic distribution of potential chronic health risks (e.g., planned toxic releases or treatment storage and disposal facilities). Far less attention has been devoted to the geographic distribution of acute health risks that cause immediate harm. The purpose of this work is to examine environmental justice in terms of potential acute health risks by examining the distribution of serious chemical accidents across diverse subpopulations. Methods. We draw upon 1990 census data for the United States to study the relationship between the racial, ethnic, and economic characteristics of census block groups ( N = 226,398) and the presence or absence of chemical accidents that caused at least one injury, death, or evacuation for the time period of 1990–1996. The data used to map the location of the chemical accidents were obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency's Accidental Release Information Program (ARIP) database. Results. Our results indicate that the acute risk associated with chemical accidents at fixed facilities is greater for individuals living in low–income census block groups, especially when comparisons are made within the counties where the chemical accidents occur. Our results concerning race and ethnicity are less consistent and somewhat weaker. Conclusions. Although these results do not show large and dramatic effects, as have often been found in the study of the social distribution of chronic environmental risk, they do stand as one of a relatively few social analyses of social variation in exposure to acute environmental risk.     

用哲学追求和创造希望--纪念高清海先生逝世一周年

到今年10月,高清海先生离开我们即将整整一周年。先生是当代中国卓有建树的哲学家,在此我无法、也不愿意用寥寥数语来全面概括和评价先生的思想,其范围之广、思虑之深,无法用短短一篇文字抵达其际涯。我只想略微阐释贯穿先生长期的哲学跋涉历程中的一个词汇,一个一再被人提及然而却又最容易被人遗忘的词汇:那就是“希望”,并借此来展示先生广阔的人文世界里一个极为重要的维度,以作为对先生逝世一周年的纪念。正如人们经常提到的,高清海先生最富创造性的哲学探索是从上个世纪80年代开始的,曾先后经历了对前苏联哲学教科书体系的反思和改革、…     

综论天一阁的历史地位

本文从天一阁的悠久历史、藏书楼建筑的示范性、藏书的特识与文人学者互动关系诸方面以及其定位与走向的估测,进行综合论述以肯定其历史地位。     

"积极自由"与"自由个性"——柏林对马克思"自由"概念的误读

马克思的自由概念是扬弃了"积极自由"和"消极自由"的"自由个性"。由于柏林不懂得,马克思是从否定的方面去理解物化的现实的,并且强调的是"抽象的自由"和"现实的自由"之分,从而把马克思的自由概念误解为"积极自由"。在当代中国的语境中,澄清柏林对马克思的误解,科学地阐释马克思的自由概念,具有重大的理论意义和现实意义。