Reviews

Barry Hindess and Paul Q. Hirst, Pre‐capitalist Modes of Production (1975), 354 (Routledge & Kegan Paul, £7.50).

Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddesses, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women in Classical Antiquity (1975), xiii+265 (Schocken Books, New York, $8.95).

Alan Macfarlane (ed.), The Diary of Ralph Josselin 1616–1683 (Records of Social and Economic History, New Series, III, 1976), xxvi+728 (Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, £20).

Cissie C. Fairchilds, Poverty and Charity in Aix‐en‐Proveace, 1640–1789 (1976), xii+197 (The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, £9.70).

Ansley J. Coale (ed.), Economic Factors in Population Growth (1976), xviii+600 (Macmillan, £20.00).

Ira Berlin, Slaves Without Masters: The Free Negro in the Antebellum South (1974, paperback ed. 1976), xxi+423 (Pantheon Books, New York, $15.00; Vintage Books, New York, $4.95).

K. S. Inglis, The Australian Colonists: an Exploration of Social History 1788–1870 (1974), xxii+316 (Melbourne University Press and Prentice Hall, Melbourne, £10.40).

Christer Winberg, Folkökning och proletarisering. Kring den sociala stnikturomvandling på Sveriges landsbygd under den agrara revolutionen (1975), 344 (Meddelanden från Historiska Institutionen i Göteborg 10, Gothenburg). (Population growth and proletarianization. The transformation of social structures in the Swedish countryside during the agricultural revolution)

Uno Gustafson, Industrialismens storstad. Studier rörande Stockholms sociala, ekonomiska och demografiska struktur 1860–1910 (1976), 290 (Monografier utgivna av Stockholms kommunalförvaltning, 37, Stockholm). (Industrialism's Metropolis. Studies in the social, economic and demographic structure of Stockholm 1860–1910)

John M. Merriman (ed.), 1830 in France (1976), 232 (Croom Helm and New Viewpoints, London and New York, £5.00).

Derek Fraser (ed.), The New Poor Law in the Nineteenth Century (1976), 218 (Macmillan, £5.95, paperback £2.95).

C. A. Bayly, The Local Roots of Indian Politics: Allahabad 1880–1920 (1975), xviii+314 (Clarendon Press, Oxford, £10.00).

Roger Chickering, Imperial Germany and a World Without War. The Peace Movement and German Society, 1892–1914 (1976), xiv+487 (Princeton University Press, Princeton, £16, paperback £6.20).

Sean Glynn and John Oxborrow, Interwar Britain: A Social and Economic History (1976), 276 (George Allen and Unwin, £5.95, paperback £2.95).     

How to Inform: Comparing Written and Video Education Interventions to Increase Human Papillomavirus Knowledge and Vaccination Intentions in Young Adults

Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy of 2 human papillomavirus (HPV) educational interventions on increasing HPV knowledge and vaccination intentions in college students. Participants: Male (n = 60) and female (n = 140) undergraduates (M _age = 20.4, SD = 2.3) recruited from a university in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from October 2009 to March 2010. Methods: Using theory-based interventions, participants were randomly assigned to either a written HPV pamphlet, an HPV video, or a control. HPV knowledge and vaccination intentions were assessed pre and postintervention. Results: Low baseline knowledge and intentions were found across groups. Postintervention, participants in the written and video interventions had significantly higher knowledge and intentions than the control. No differences were found between written and video interventions on knowledge or intentions. Conclusion: This study, a first in comparing HPV educational formats, suggests that both written and video interventions are equally effective in educating about HPV and increasing young adults’ vaccination intentions.     

Who shall speak of the pain? frame violations and the making of public controversy 1

This paper focuses on the frame violations that were created as sense-makers viewed a Canadian war documentary, The Valour and the Horror. The film series aggressively challenged conventional wisdom, and resulted in a fierce battle played out publicly in a Senate Subcommittee investigation as parliamentarians, veterans, historians, journalists and film-makers clashed over whose version of the truth would prevail. We argue that controversy erupts due to frame violations, and that it unfolds in a predictable manner. The article analyses both the content of the documentary, and describes the unfolding controversy. We found that different types of frame violations resulted in different consequences, but that generally, broad revisions of conventional and deeply held frames resulted in attacks on the person who created the violations, while lesser violations elicited an attempt to tamper with the product.     

Gambling in children and adolescents

The topic of adolescent gambling is attracting growing interest, but there has still been little controlled or systematic research into the area, and much of what has been written would best be described as “armchair theorizing.” The literature concerning pre-adult gambling behavior falls into three general categories: (a) direct and indirect studies concerning adolescent gambling; (b) studies of the economic socialization of children, and (c) consideration of gambling as play and games as precursors to gambling. This paper presents an overview of the literature examining each of these three categories. Special emphasis is placed upon the playing of fruit machines, as it is this activity which is currently regarded as the biggest problem concerning young gamblers, particularly in the U.K. Recommendations for future research are discussed, particularly for work using a functional/behavioral analysis model to determine the variables which influence how adolescents “learn” to gamble.     

Self- and Spouse-Reported Work–Family Conflict and Dual-Earners’ Job Satisfaction

We add to the literature on job satisfaction by examining the role played by self-reported and spouse-reported work–family conflict for dual-earner husbands and wives (N = 156 couples, 312 individuals), a contagion model of work and family. Two path models of job satisfaction were tested: a spillover model, including the respondent's work-to-family conflict and family-to-work conflict, and a crossover model, including the spouse's perception of the respondent's work-to-family conflict. Workplace and family/respondent characteristics were also included in the models. For wives, job satisfaction is associated with family-to-work conflict (spillover). For husbands, job satisfaction is associated with his spouse's perception of his work-to-family conflict (crossover). For both husbands and wives, coworker support is both directly and indirectly associated with job satisfaction.     

A code of practice

At a CCETSW workshop external assessors and examiners looked at the contribution they could make to promoting anti-racist practice.     

Racial inequalities in housing: An examiation of recent trends

Changes in racial differences in homeownership and objective indicators of housing quality are examined using 1960 Census data and 1977 Annual Housing Survey data. Blacks, net of differences in socioeconomic status, family composition, and regional-metropolitan location, remained less likely than whites to own homes and somewhat more likely to live in older, crowded and structurally inadequate units in 1977. In general, however, net effects for race were much smaller in 1977 than in 1960. Racial differences in homeownership and crowding were smaller among recent movers than among the total sample in 1977, suggesting continued but gradual improvement in housing conditions for blacks in the latter 1970s.     

Gerontological Competencies among MSW Students: Evaluation of a Gerontology Specialization Program

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary evaluation of a gerontology specialization program (GSP) within a Council on Social Work Education (CSWE)–accredited master of social work (MSW) program. This study utilized a pretest/posttest design with a three-group comparison: group 1—GSP students; group 2—students from the group 1 program but not in GSP; and group 3—students at two external MSW programs with no GSPs. The overall sample comprised 220 advanced year students. A CSWE Gero-Ed Center/Hartford Partnership empirical measure was used to assess overall, gero social work practice competency. Within-group analyses revealed a significant increase in gero competency scores from pretest to posttest among all groups, with GSP students showing the largest increase. Between-group analysis at pretest revealed that the GSP group showed lower gero competency scores than both non-GSP groups. At posttest, these results overturned: GSP students scored significantly higher gero competency scores than both non-GSP groups. These preliminary findings suggest that the GSP offers an impactful, positive role in development of practice skills for the next generation of gero social work practitioners and scholars. A follow-up study with additional years of data will increase longitudinal rigor and confidence in the long-range efficacy of this GSP.     

The Role of Boomerang Fathers in Adolescent Female Depression

Data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth were employed to explore the association between boomerang fathering from birth to age 18 on adolescent depressive symptomatology (N = 3,731). We examined the effects of experiencing a biological father exiting and entering the home because of breaking up and repartnering with an adolescent's mother (i.e., “boomerang fathering”) when compared with other father residential patterns on adolescent depression. Findings suggest that boomerang fathering is more beneficial than harmful. Adolescent females exposed to boomerang fathering, as well as those exposed to fathers who resided with them from birth to age 18, reported significantly lower depressive symptoms when compared with females exposed to fathers who exited the household and never returned. Boomerang fathering was not significantly associated with male adolescent depressive symptomatology. Providing greater family support during times of instability may assist in unifying families and be an indirect source of mental health prevention.