Factors in the length of stay of homeless families in temporary accommodation

Data relating to 526 homeless families in temporary accommodation were collected in a study directed mainly to the examination of support networks of a sample of these families. The data, however, have allowed the authors to examine the effects of certain characteristics of these families on the average length of stay in temporary accommodation before they were housed permanently. Log-linear analysis was used to establish the independent effect of various attributes available from the data. In general the feature which seemed to influence the length of stay most was the time of the year when the family was admitted into temporary accommodation followed by the sort of reason the families gave for being homeless at the time of admission. Those who had been illegally evicted tended to take longer to be rehoused whilst those with rental or tenant difficulties took less time to be rehoused. The authors are then able to produce profiles based on this analysis of those families which are likely to stay longest in temporary accommodation as against those likely to stay the shortest time.     

Child protection pathways for newborn infants: A multi-disciplinary retrospective chart review of an Irish maternity hospital’s records

In Ireland, little is known about mothers and infants where child welfare and protection concerns arise during the perinatal period. This study explores, for the first time, perinatal child protection. A retrospective audit was carried out of a large maternity hospital's medical social work, neonatal and psychiatric files for a five-year period from 2016 to 2020. The study identified 99 children, born to 86 mothers, who were either subject to a child protection conference; placed for adoption; discharged to someone other than the mother; or discharged home under supervision. The study found that two-thirds of the children were discharged to their mother's care. When compared to national data, the health indicators for this cohort of mothers and children painted a grim picture. The maternal profiles identified high prevalence of mental health and addiction difficulties and domestic violence. The study found evidence of supports provided to the mothers to enable them to care for their infants while they remained in the hospital and during an initial discharge from hospital. However, a significant number of the mothers were not caring for their children when viewed across a longer time frame. Dedicated multi-disciplinary clinics and improved data systems were identified as of importance.     

集体行动如何可能？

来自各个不同学科的大量的经验研究和理论发展为我们提出了一个要求,即扩展理性选择理论模型的边界,从而使之能够成为研究社会困境和集体行动的基础.首先我将引入如何通过集体行动克服社会困境这一问题,然后本文将分六个部分来进行阐述.第一部分,简单回顾目前流行的理性选择理论对社会困境所作的理论预测;第二部分总结概括目前理论界对完全理性模型的过度依赖所提出的各种质疑,这些质疑是通过大量的经验研究提出的;在第三部分.我将讨论两个主要的经验性发现,表明当人们成功地建立可以借助互惠、信誉和信任来克服短视自利的强烈倾向的条件时,人们就能够达到"优于理性"的绩效;第四部分,探讨建立第二代理性选择模型的可能性;第五部分,和大家共享这个理论的初步设想;第六部分是总结,检验当我们把互惠、信誉和信任置于一种经验导向的行为主义的集体行动理论的核心时,会有什么意义.     

Renting in New Zealand: perspectives from tenant advocates

Currently, around a third of New Zealand’s households, and half its population live in rental accommodation. The proportion of tenant households is growing. Tenant advocates, who are a first port of call for tenants experiencing difficulties in their housing situation, can provide unique insight into the experience of renting in New Zealand. This article presents key themes generated from semi-structured interviews with tenant advocates. Tenants are confronted with issues of poor housing quality, insecure housing, high rents relative to income, lack of autonomy, and difficulty asserting their legislative rights. These aspects of renting in New Zealand are likely to have adverse effects on health. Tenant advocates play an important role in supporting tenants to better housing. Their knowledge of the relationship between a landlord and tenant, particularly in times of trouble, means they can provide unique perspectives on policy solutions.     

Selecting a test level for random effects

A method is presented for selecting an a-level to use when testing for group difference in a one-way classification random effects model. The a-level is chosen to make the power of the test equal to .5 when the parameters are such that between group mean square and total mean square are equally good minimum expected squared error estimators of the variance of y the estimator of the mean     

The meeting of two narratives

The post-modern paradigms, particularly regarding the nature of reality, are fast coloring our ideas regarding our client's truths. We now have an expanded understanding about the flexibility and dynamic nature of truth, and therefore of clients' narratives. Another narrative, however, that must be taken fully into account is the narrative of the therapist. In fact, what we have in a clinical hour is the meeting and blending of two narratives, that of the client and that of the therapist. This paper summarizes some of the recent thinking regarding narrative, and the nature of truth, as well as pointing to implications for clinical practice.     

Why one goes to school: what school means to young people entering foster care

In this interpretative childhood study of 17 boys and girls aged 13–16 years placed in foster families, the experiences and attitudes towards school are explored. The importance of school as an arena for both learning and socialization is emphasized. Data were collected through interviews, network maps and text answers via mobile phone (‘beepers’). Their educational improvement was based on their understanding of scholastic achievement as meaningful for their future, stability in daily routines and the involvement and support of family, peers and teachers. Access to peers at school is important, and group activities facilitate this. Because of their background, foster youth can also be exposed to bullying from peers. Both learning and socialization at school affect their self‐esteem.     

Baby stories: Reconstructions of the empathic experience in infancy and early childhood

Abstract

This article, seated within psychoanalytic, self‐in‐relation, feminist, and post‐modern family theories, explores three broad questions. The first question concerns whether it is possible to reconstruct the empathic experiences of infancy and early childhood. This question is followed by an inquiry regarding the effects of such reconstructions on the storyteller. The final question examines the possible clinical and personal uses of these baby stories. A discussion of the interview protocol that was developed specifically to illuminate this material is included, as are excerpts from participant stories, offering richly detailed images that illustrate the evocative power of this particular interview technique.     

Adolescent Children of Alcoholics on Disclosure,Support, and Assessment of Trustworthy Adults

The aim of this study is to describe adolescent children of alcoholics’ (COA) perspectives on disclosure and support. COA reported assessing the trustworthiness of adults before disclosing their home situation. Before disclosure they may have raised their own level of consciousness, told a peer, told an adult stranger, or in-directly communicated with an adult. These findings are the result of interviews with 27 adolescents attending support groups for COA in Sweden. Adults, who ask questions, listen carefully and cooperate with the child/adolescent, and who are knowledgeable about families with alcohol problems, are considered as supportive and trustworthy. The adolescents reported psychological, communicative, environmental, and generational aspects of the disclosure process.