战略决策过程:批判性回顾与未来研究展望

本文在对以往文献进行回顾的基础上,构建了一个战略决策过程的整合框架。该框架将决策过程特征的前置因素(环境因素、组织因素和决策专有因素)及其过程结果和经济结果整合在一起。依据该框架,本文对重要的实证研究文献进行了综述,指出了主要的研究模式以及研究成果中的矛盾之处。在综述的基础上,文章还探讨了本研究对于理论构建、研究方法和管理实践的启示,并指出了未来研究的一些方向。     

欧美商会制度比较及对我国的启示

政府职能的转变 ,需要积极培育、发展商会等中介组织。而商会职能的充分发挥 ,又需要相应的有效机制。西方市场经济发达国家 ,如美、英、法、德四国商会制度已进入了成熟时期 ,与其相比 ,我国处于十分落后状态 ,故对世界上两种类型即英美型与大陆型商会的典型代表进行比较研究对我国商会发展有着重要的理论和现实意义。（一）商会的性质１．欧美商会性质比较。由于各国的文化历史传统 ,经济理念及由此表现的法律体系不同 ,欧美商会具有某些行政管理职能和完全属于民间组织两大类型之分 ,前者以德国、法国公法型商会为代表 ,后者以英国、美国…     

实际汇率错位、汇率波动性及其对制造业出口贸易影响的实证分析:1978～1998年平行数据研究

本文利用制造业SITC3位数代码商品1978~1998年对不同国家出口的平行数据,采用似不相关估计方法对我国出口商品需求方程系统进行了估计。分析强调实际汇率风险、实际汇率错位对不同商品出口量的影响,其中汇率风险的回归系数随商品不同、国家不同而有所不同,汇率错位则在大多数分析中表现为对出口具有不利影响。由于伴随着人民币汇率水平与(或)汇率制度的变动,人民币汇率的错位水平与(或)波动性也将发生相应的变动,因此,本文对此变动的净影响进行了模拟,结果表明不同商品对不同国家的出口数量将受到不同的影响。     

积极推进工商登记制度的改革

正改革工商登记制度是党中央、国务院作出的一项重大决策,是深入贯彻党的十八届二中、三中全会精神,转变政府职能、优化营商环境、加快社会诚信体系建设的重大举措。本文结合河北省实践,就工商登记制度改革的主要内容、推进成效、下步工作重点等谈一些认识和体会。一、工商登记制度改革的主要内容2013年2月,党的十八届二中全会审议通过《国务院机构改革和职能转变方案》,提出改革工商登记制度,主要有两项内     

对大理舞文化的田野调查研究

本文以鹤庆县彭屯下村和剑川县狮河村作为研究对象,以文献资料法、田野调查法等研究方法,对大理舞狮、舞麒麟进行了调查研究,发现大理舞狮、舞麒麟资源非常丰富,开展效果不如以前丰富多彩,就研究中发现的问题提出几点建议。     

Widowhood,family size,and post-reproductive Mortality: a comparative Analysis of three populations in Nineteenth-Century Europe

Researchers from a number of disciplines have offered competing theories about the effects oJ childbearing on parents 'postreproductive longevity. The "disposable soma theory" argues that investments in somatic maintenance increase longevity but reduce childbearing. "Maternal depletion" models suggest that the rigors of childrearing increase mortality in later years. Other researchers consider continued childbearing a sign of healthy aging and a predictor of future longevity. Empirical studies have produced inconsistent and contradictory results. Our focus is on the experience of widowhood, which has been ignored in previous studies. We hypothesize that the death of a spouse is a stressful event with long-term consequences for health, especially for women with small children. Data are drawn from historical sources in Sweden, Belgium, and the Netherlands from 1766 to 1980. Postreproductive mortality was highest among young widows with larger families in all three samples. Age at last birth had little or no effect. We conclude that raising children under adverse circumstances can have long-lasting, harmful effects on a mother's health.     

Rumour of angels and heavenly midwives: anthropology of transpersonal events and childbirth

Some contemporary women can experience non-ordinary states of consciousness when childbearing. The purpose of this paper is to bring a ‘transpersonal’ frame to these non-ordinary states of consciousness (hereafter: NOSC). Transpersonal psychology is an interdisciplinary movement in Western science that studies ‘religious’, ‘peak’ or ‘healing’ experiences in different cultures and social contexts. Between 2001 and 2006 in Auckland, New Zealand, while engaged in anthropological fieldwork, I collected stories from mothers, fathers, and midwives who had participated in transpersonal events during childbirth.I will compare the local women's NOSC with ethnographic accounts of spirit-possession and its relationship to indigenous midwifery then revisit and reconstruct the witch-hunts of Medieval Europe from this perspective. Midwives are encouraged to learn to identify and support women's NOSC during labour and birth as many women find strength and wisdom by passing through these states in labour. The subject is also critical to men, whether they are present with women and birth as fathers or health professionals. The hoped for result of this inquiry is to revalorise NOSC among birth-giving mothers, and to educate birth attendants in this field.     

Older women's fears of violence: the need for interventions that enable active ageing

Women's fear of violence can impact negatively on their active participation in life. An ageing survey conducted with 2,620 Australian respondents aged 50 to 90 years examined aspects of work, learning, social, spiritual and emotional status, health, vision, home, life events, demographics, and asked an open-ended question about what being actively engaged in life meant. Ordinal regression was carried out on two dependent variables: wanting and needing to learn to discourage violence. Analyses found that as women's age increased, those on lower incomes were more likely than others to say they needed to learn how to discourage violence against them. This paper investigates the variables associated with the findings-transport, finances, news media, home safety, and reduced social interactions. Results highlight the importance of understanding women's fear in the context of personal and social issues, and the need to provide learning opportunities to improve safety and social engagement.     

是分析社会还是改造社会——哈贝马斯与卢曼之争

哈贝马斯与卢曼在 1971年的理论之争是德国学生运动的最后一次理论争论 ,它对整个一代人和德国社会科学界有重大影响。1.争论的出发点哈贝马斯和卢曼在 1971年时都知道 ,必须突破社会学理论和方法的长期停滞状态和不充分性。他们同时也知道这种突破面临一个困难 ,就是必须分析一个比过去更加复杂和更加无法一目了然的社会。哈贝马斯认为“批判理论”已经提供了分析这种社会的理论和方法 ,霍克海姆和阿多尔诺的《启蒙辩证法》(1974)就是“现代社会辩证发展理论”。他未能采纳在北美 (特别由帕森斯 )得到发展的系统论。卢曼 (NiclasL uhmann1…