A Note on Computing the Noncentrality Parameter of the Noncentral F-Distribution

In this paper we present a modification to Newton's method that is suitable for computing percentage points as well as other parameter estimation. The method is locally quadratically convergent.     

A new proof of hsu's theorem in regression analysis– a coordinate-free approach

This paper provides a new proof of results by HSU (Statist. Res. Mem. 1938) and Drygas (Math. Operationsforsch. Statist. 1972) on estimating the variance σ²in HsU's regression model:By using a dispersion. mean-Correspondence the given problem in the theory of estimating the mean vector.     

Nationality and the European union competing identities in the visual design of four European cities 1

In this study, we integrate visual and linguistic research to analyze the relationship between a city's regional, national, transnational, and European identities as the face of four cities depicts it. We explore the cultural identity of Brussels, Luxembourg, Munich, and Dortmund through the study of public signs found in these cities. We examine how the choice of language, layout, typography, accompanying images, and positioning of city signs reflect the tensions involving the change from a national or regional identity to a Pan‐European identity. Our methodology combines an ethnographic approach and neutral observations with interviews of city inhabitants. By combining interpretive analysis with a meta‐discursive approach to how signs are read and perceived, we consider both the production and reception ends of the signs.     

从村庄建设到地区发展————乡村集群发展模式

根据比利时Meetjesland农业地区集群发展模式和区域发展的广义梯度理论及中国城乡关系演化趋势,中国城乡一体化应建立在“城市群-乡村集群”的基础之上,并将“乡乡一体化”作为“城乡一体化”的前提。基于中国国情的乡村集群发展模式应当是：　以地区发展为价值观,建立以县(县级市)为依托的乡村集群合作平台,制定乡村集群发展战略规划并推进品牌策略,以集群的优势实现中国乡村地区主动、可持续发展。     

数学方法足以研究经济生活吗？——对数理经济学的逻辑批判

经济学是社会科学而不是自然科学,我们研究的是经济生活而不是无生气的事物。从形式上看,数学本身是由一些无意义的公式组成,只有把实体的东西加进去,数学才有意义。数理经济学重视经济变量之间的相互作用,而忽略了其因果关系。新古典理论通过构建高度简化的数理模型来研究复杂的现实世界,这犯了黑格尔式的错误。实际上,数理分析在自然科学中可以说是非常有效的,但在社会科学中必须加以限制,因为其前提假设如最优化、理性人及效率标准都是错误的。     

Covering relations,closest orderings and hamiltonian bypaths in tournaments

We show that the Slater's set of a tournament, i.e. the set of the top elements of the closest orderings, is a subset of the top cycle of the uncovered set of the tournament. We also show that the covering relation is related to the hamiltonian bypaths of a strong tournament in that if x covers y, then there exists an hamiltonian bypath from x to y.We thank B. Monjardet and an anonymous editor for helpful suggestions.