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171.
Ingunn Studsrød Elisabeth Willumsen Ingunn T. Ellingsen 《Child & Family Social Work》2014,19(3):312-320
Listening to the opinions of service users is important in research. This study explored how parents cognitively and emotionally perceive contact with the Norwegian Child Welfare Services (CWS). It also compared the reports of parents recently referred to the CWS with reports of more experienced users. A content analysis was conducted on open‐ended survey responses from parents (n = 697). This study fills a gap in the literature on how parents perceive contact with the CWS and what they see as important factors when judging this contact. The findings showed that 40.6% of the parents reported exclusively positive experiences, 30.7% of the parents reported solely negative experiences, while 24% of the parents described both positive and negative experiences. The content of the positive and negative experiences were related to characteristics of the child welfare workers, the quality of the relationship, the help offered and the parent's feelings of insecurity and fear. New CWS users tended to view the contact as more positive than the more experienced ones. Practical implications are presented. 相似文献
172.
173.
This paper studies whether relationship lending mitigates the transmission of the Lehman default shock to the supply of credit in Italy. Exploiting the presence of multiple banking relationships, we control for banks' and firms' unobserved characteristics. Results show that the growth of credit itself is higher and its cost lower the shorter the distance between the bank and the firm, the longer the relationship, and the higher the share of credit held by the bank. Credit growth by relationship lenders is 4.6% higher than that by transactional lenders; the increase in the cost of credit is 50 basis points lower. The positive effect of relationship lending on credit supply increased during the crisis, compared to a pre‐crisis period. The beneficial effect of relationship lending is weaker if the relationship lender is more exposed to the financial crisis, especially when lending to weaker borrowers. 相似文献
174.
It is widely recognised that studies based ontime diaries form the most valid and reliabledata source concerning peoples' timeallocation, but it is also documented thatvarious designs give somewhat divergentresults. Usually both main activities andpossible parallel activities are captured intime diaries. Much research has been undertakento evaluate various aspects of the design ofsuch surveys, but there has been littlesystematic investigation on the possibleeffects of recording parallel activities on theway people report their main activities. Asmost analyses focus mainly on primaryactivities, validity in this area is of utmostimportance. Utilising the Norwegian Time UseStudy from 1990–1991 we discuss in this paper if,and possibly how, the registration of secondaryactivities influences the picture we get ofpeople's main activities. Also the role of theexamples presented to participants isinspected. Our findings indicate that therecording of parallel activities does affectthe way people report their main activities.Especially indistinct and fuzzy activities likechildcare, socialising and television viewingseem to be sensitive, but effects differ forwomen and men. Undoubtedly, information onsecondary activities is needed in order tofully reflect people's time patterns, but it isimportant that guidelines for diary keeping andexamples presented to participants aredeveloped carefully so that information onprimary activities is not distorted. 相似文献
175.
Frédéric Gaspart 《Social Choice and Welfare》1997,15(1):95-112
The concern for measuring well-being objectively (as opposed to subjectively, that is, relying only on preferences) is found
in modern political philosophy, especially in J. Rawls’s, A. Sen’s and G. Cohen’s writings. This paper explains the implications
of using an objective well-being index as equalisandum or, close to the so-called “safety net preoccupation”, to guarantee a well-being lower bound. In the simple production model
studied here, five characterization results and two related theorems prove the convergence of both approaches. We come to
the conclusion that the Proportional Solution is the dominant solution according to “objectivist” axioms.
Received: 5 September 1994/Accepted: 29 June 1996 相似文献
176.
Tracy L. Dalgleish Susan M. Johnson Melissa Burgess Moser Marie‐France Lafontaine Stephanie A. Wiebe Giorgio A. Tasca 《Journal of marital and family therapy》2015,41(3):276-291
Emotionally focused couple therapy (EFT) is an empirically validated approach to couple therapy that uses attachment theory to understand the needs and emotions of romantic partners. EFT is recognized as one of the most effective approaches to couple therapy, but to guide therapists in their use of EFT, a theoretically based model to predict change is needed. This study tested such a model by recruiting 32 couples, and 14 therapists who provided approximately 21 sessions of EFT. Couples completed self‐report measures of marital satisfaction, attachment security, relationship trust, and emotional control at pre‐ and posttherapy and after each therapy session. Results of hierarchical linear modeling suggested that individuals higher on self‐report attachment anxiety and higher levels of emotional control had greater change in marital satisfaction across EFT sessions. Assessing attachment security at the start of therapy will inform therapists of the emotion regulating strategies used by couples and may help couples achieve positive outcomes from EFT. 相似文献
177.
In the context of time series regression, we extend the standard Tobit model to allow for the possibility of conditional heteroskedastic error processes of the GARCH type. We discuss the likelihood function of the Tobit model in the presence of conditionally heteroskedastic errors. Expressing the exact likelihood function turns out to be infeasible, and we propose an approximation by treating the model as being conditionally Gaussian. The performance of the estimator is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. We find that, when the error terms follow a GARCH process, the proposed estimator considerably outperforms the standard Tobit quasi maximum likelihood estimator. The efficiency loss due to the approximation of the likelihood is finally evaluated. 相似文献
178.
179.
Acyclic sets of linear orders via the Bruhat orders 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
We describe Abello’s acyclic sets of linear orders [SIAM J Discr Math 4(1):1–16, 1991] as the permutations visited by commuting
equivalence classes of maximal reduced decompositions. This allows us to strengthen Abello’s structural result: we show that
acyclic sets arising from this construction are distributive sublattices of the weak Bruhat order. This, in turn, shows that
Abello’s acyclic sets are, in fact, the same as Chameni-Nembua’s distributive covering sublattices (S.T.D.C s). Fishburn’s alternating scheme is shown to be a special case of the Abello/Chameni-Nembua acyclic sets. Any acyclic set that arises in this way can be represented
by an arrangement of pseudolines, and we use this representation to derive a simple closed form for the cardinality of the
alternating scheme. The higher Bruhat orders prove to be a natural mathematical framework for this approach to the acyclic
sets problem.
We would like to thank the Editor, Professor Bernard Monjardet, and two anonymous referees for their comments and additional
references. 相似文献
180.
Giorgio Dominese 《Transition Studies Review》2007,14(1):57-77
The paper considers the main drivers of Asian growth and connects them with three groups of analyses tracks. Foreign direct
investments, as the elective factor incorporating the main trends and perspectives, both at economic and financial level and
in the social and political framework. Second, the regional approach, resulting more and more as the key, crucial factor in
developing openness and international competitiveness, at the appropriate scale of convergence and integration in the worldwide
system, has been presented in its EU connections and in the Asian peculiarities. Finally, as a third area of analysis, the
new theories of growth and the capabilities already achieved to measure phenomena that were still not affordable only twenty
years ago. The final results of the foresight model for evaluating long-term growth and the associated applied elaborations
by the Deutsche Bank Research have almost figured out the proximity to an alternative theoretical scientific and modelling
``corpus' for the existing growth studies, specifically considering the Asian and emerging countries' recent jump into a
high rates trend development, with the focus on China and India. For all these three analyses, the paper underlines the relevance
for Asia to consider the experiences and successful steps of the European ``efficient laboratory', in a process of real integration
towards the union of economies, societies, currencies, and security policies that has been investigated from different points
of view, with the aim to focus the possible partnership and the future cooperation. 相似文献