T.奥伊则尔曼的《主要哲学流派(哲学史过程的理论分析)》一书简介

本专著有导言、4章和结束语,它是对哲学史过程的理论研究和对当前最有影响的唯心主义哲学概念的批判性分析,作者是根据辩证唯物主义的哲学史观来进行这种研究和分析的。第一章:《哲学基本问题的含义和意义》。在我国著作中所流行的关于哲学对象和哲学基本问题一致的论断是不合理的。这种混淆是同毫无根据地扩大解释哲学基本问题     

装我入篮

一天,杰西、杰米和乔一起去树林里采集圣诞节装饰房间用的绿色树枝。杰西戴着小帽子,身穿白色皮大衣和红色套裤。她是一个快乐的小女孩,但那天早晨,她很难过,因为妈妈说:"所有孩子都会得到圣诞礼物,做妈妈的就没有,今年咱们家太穷。"杰西把妈妈的话告诉哥哥杰米和乔。他们展开讨论。杰米说:"这么慈爱的妈妈,竟然没有圣诞礼物,太糟糕了。"     

改革中的中国企业行为

在1979—1989年十年经济改革期间,中国政府采取了一系列政策和制度变革,旨在提高国民经济劳动生产力。虽然开始时主要集中在农业方面,但政府也在努力改善非农业部门的运行。在改革之前,这些部门主要由国有企业控制,按照中央计划经营。改革中许多决策权被下放给企业,或起码下放到地方政府。例如,到1985年,大多数企业可以对产量品种、     

健康家庭的特点与动态

1992年11月初,多伦多婚姻治疗中心主任H.B.丹尼什博士应中国社会科学院人文科学发展公司的邀请,来京作关于婚姻家庭问题的讲演。丹尼什博士60年代初在美国攻读精神病学,后来长期从事讲学、临床实践与研究。他1982年创立的多伦多婚姻治疗中心,既是门诊部,又是学校和研究所。他把医学实践与社会—行为科学研究紧密结合起来,创造出了一种崭新的婚姻家庭治疗、咨询和教育模式。近年来,他在世界各地传播、推广这一新的模式,无论在精神卫生学界还是在人文社会科学领域都引起了热烈的反应。译者有幸聆听丹尼什博士在北京的两场讲演,并与他多次交谈。现将他的讲演和谈话内容整理发表于此,以飨读者。     

Effects of migration on family structure

This paper examines the situation and problems of migration on family structure, with emphasis on family reunification. The study is based on conditions and practices in Western Europe and Mediterranean countries relating to temporary labor migration. Most migrant workers have no intention of settling permanently and return to their country within a few years. The International Labour Office estimated in 1974 that at least 1/2 the migrant workers in Western Europe live without their families. Generally, migrants send for their families only when they are employed, earning adequate wages, and have adequate housing. Some reasons why migrants live apart from their families include 1) the receiving country discourages family immigration because it does not coincide with the economic necessities of migration policy and 2) some sending countries discourage it to ensure that the migrant worker returns to his own country. The main danger arising from family separation is that it frequently leads to the break up of the family. The leading European authorities recognize as a fundamental right the freedom of a migrant worker and his family to lead a normal family life in the receiving country. The author outlines the conditions for admission for residence and employment of migrant spouses and children for the Federal Republic of Germany, France, Belgium, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Austria, Luxembourg, and the United Kingdom. All countries require that the head be in regular employment for some time and be able to provide his family with suitable housing. Other problems concerning the arrival of migrant spouses and children include 1) acquiring employment and social information and counseling, 2) education of children, 3) obtaining vocational training and adaptation and 4) achieving entitlement to social security benefits. The effects of migration in the family context in sending countries include 1) providing activities for migrants to maintain cultural links with their countries of origin and 2) acquiring the nationality of the receiving countries. Countries should facilitate the admission to employment of migrant spouses and children, by maintaining provisions for the reuniting of families and imposing no limits on admission to residence; and 2) by overcome obstacles to admission to employment, by observing existing recommendations. In conclusion, governments should give family cohesion 1st priority, regardless of regulations.     

Creating customer value by streamlining business processes

Much of the strategic preoccupation of senior managers in the 1990s is focusing on the creation of customer value. Companies are seeking competitive advantage by streamlining the three processes through which they interact with their customers: product creation, order handling and service assurance. 'Micro-strategy' is a term which has been coined for the trade-offs and decisions on where and how to streamline these three processes. The article discusses micro-strategies applied by successful companies.     

Realities of life and future prospects within two cultures: unaccompanied minor refugees from South East Asia in the Federal Republic of Germany

From August 1979 on, more than 30,000 refugees from South East Asia were accepted in the Federal Republic of Germany as quota refugees in a special program; among them were 1600 unaccompanied minor refugees. About 1500 were accompanied Vietnamese children and youths who had fled their home country as 'boat people' across the South China Sea. Unaccompanied minor refugees have, like all other recognized refugees, a legal claim to family reunion in the Federal Republic. Today, only parents can join their children and vice versa, and spouses their spouses. The 1st phase of socialization in the lives of the unaccompanied minor refugees evolved in the cultural traditions of their South East Asian country of origin up to the age of 10 to 15 years. In the 2nd phase of socialization--the enculturation--the child establishes its culturally specific emotionality, language, mentality, and patterns of behavior through interaction and verbal communication with the people nearest him. The 3rd phase of socialization begins at school age and reaches full significance at the age of starting to work, with the accompanying expectations of society. Most of the minor unaccompanied refugees from South Asia had already completed their enculturation--the establishment of their cultural identity. The realities of life the young single refugees as foreigners in German society are determined by 4 special factors: 1) the great cultural differences between their country of originin South East Asia and the resettlement country, 2) the young people left their homes as refugees and their resettlement in the Federal Repulic was determined by chance events, 3) they have to live there alone and without the emotional support of their families in a situation of cultural change, and 4) because of their Asian physiognomy they will always appear as foreigners even if they have integrated well. The future prospects of the young South East Asian refugees in German society will be determined primarily by to what extent they will be able to find a satisfactory place within both cultures.