Nonstandard Work Schedules,Perceived Family Well‐Being,and Daily Stressors

Data from two studies assessed the effects of nonstandard work schedules on perceived family well‐being and daily stressors. Study 1, using a sample of employed, married adults aged 25 – 74 (n = 1,166) from the National Survey of Midlife in the United States, showed that night work was associated with perceptions of greater marital instability, negative family‐work, and work‐family spillover than weekend or daytime work. In Study 2, with a subsample of adults (n = 458) who participated in the National Study of Daily Experiences, weekend workers reported more daily work stressors than weekday workers. Several sociodemographic variables were tested as moderators. Both studies demonstrated that nonstandard work schedules place a strain on working, married adults at the global and daily level.     

Elderly Jews and happiness with locale

This study analyzes neighborhood attachment and satisfaction within the foundations of preference theory—that is, utility analysis. This framework considers an individual's utility function, a construct that relates attachment and satisfaction to the consumption of goods and services. We demonstrate that utility functions can help to predict the individual's bond to the neighborhood. The sample population includes 268 elderly Jews residing in the Baltimore metropolitan area. Bonds to place increase with increasing age. Bonds decrease when residents perceive the neighborhood to be unsafe during the day. The percentage of Blacks is a significant predictor of bonds to place.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Allen C. Goodman, Center for Metropolitan Planning and Research, Shriver Hall, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.This paper was presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association on August 26, 1982, in Washington, D.C. This research was supported in part by a contract from Associated Jewish Charities and Welfare Fund, Incorporated, of Baltimore, Maryland, but the results and conclusions do not represent the opinions of AJC. The authors thank Sally Shumaker for her helpful comments.     

Viewings of Deceased Persons in a Hospital Mortuary: Critical Reflection of Social Work Practice

Abstract

Although social workers have been employed in acute hospitals for many decades and in some city mortuaries since the 1980s, little has been written about the assistance they provide to individuals to view bodies of family members who have died in sudden and unexpected circumstances. Using an approach based on critical reflection, the paper discusses the authors' interest in writing about this specific area of practice as it has developed at the Royal Hobart Hospital during the last 10 years. It presents an overview of relevant theoretical and research literature, including discussion of the mortuary as a location for social work practice. Procedures followed by social workers in assisting with viewings are described and placed in the context of single session work as an appropriate framework for this specialist practice. The paper concludes by emphasising the importance of caring for staff engaged in work that is both personally and professionally confronting and demanding through preparation and through the development of a culture of leadership and support.     

Jewish Identity,Denomination and Denominational Mobility

This paper explores religious and ethnic components of American Jewish identity, in both public and private dimensions. In the first part of the paper, we study how nine aspects of Jewish identity vary among the three main American Jewish denominations;we then explain how much of this variation is related to the background factors of Jewish education and denomination. Finally, we consider the effect of the extensive mobility that is found between denomination raised and current denomination, and discuss its implications for the individual who moves between denominations as well as for the denominations as a whole. We show that movers from more traditional to less traditional denominations retain an influence of their previous denomination; while movers from less traditional to more traditional denominations exhibit a 'rededication' effect which gives them a stronger Jewish identity than those raised and staying in the denomination. As a result, the current patterns of interdenominational mobility result in a strengthening of Jewish identity in each denomination, and therefore among American Jews as a whole. Further, differences between the denominations are mitigated by this mobility. However, the effect may be short-lived, because according to current mobility trends, the numbers of those with stronger Jewish identity are dwindling. The analysis is based on data from the New York Jewish Population Study conducted in 1991.     

Associations between Sadness and Anger Regulation Coping, Emotional Expression, and Physical and Relational Aggression among Urban Adolescents

This study examined associations between self-reports of sadness and anger regulation coping, reluctance to express emotion, and physical and relational aggression between two cohorts of predominantly African-American fifth (N  =  191; 93 boys and 98 girls) and eighth (N  =  167; 73 boys and 94 girls) graders. Multiple regression analyses indicated unique associations between relational aggression and expressive reluctance and sadness regulation coping. In contrast, physical aggression, but not relational aggression, was associated with anger regulation coping. These relations did not differ across gender, but the strength of the association between anger regulation coping and physical aggression varied by grade. Sadness regulation coping moderated the association between expressive reluctance and relational aggression. Conversely, anger regulation coping moderated the relation between expressive reluctance and physical aggression; however, the strength of this relation differed by gender. These findings have important implications for intervention efforts.     

A SECTIONING SEARCH APPROACH TO AGGREGATE PLANNING OF PRODUCTION AND WORK FORCE

The use of search and heuristic methods as a means of solving nonlinear aggregate planning models has been given considerable attention in recent years. A few of these methods have shown promising results. In this paper a sectioning search procedure is explored as an alternative means of solving nonlinear aggregate planning models. Application is made to two test cases, and the results are compared with those of other solution methods.