A Bayesian Model and Stochastic Exposure (Dose) Estimation for Relative Exposure Risk Comparison Involving Asbestos‐Containing Dropped Ceiling Panel Installation and Maintenance Tasks

Assessing exposures to hazards in order to characterize risk is at the core of occupational hygiene. Our study examined dropped ceiling systems commonly used in schools and commercial buildings and lay‐in ceiling panels that may have contained asbestos prior to the mid to late 1970s. However, most ceiling panels and tiles do not contain asbestos. Since asbestos risk relates to dose, we estimated the distribution of eight‐hour TWA concentrations and one‐year exposures (a one‐year dose equivalent) to asbestos fibers (asbestos f/cc‐years) for five groups of workers who may encounter dropped ceilings: specialists, generalists, maintenance workers, nonprofessional do‐it‐yourself (DIY) persons, and other tradespersons who are bystanders to ceiling work. Concentration data (asbestos f/cc) were obtained through two exposure assessment studies in the field and one chamber study. Bayesian and stochastic models were applied to estimate distributions of eight‐hour TWAs and annual exposures (dose). The eight‐hour TWAs for all work categories were below current and historic occupational exposure limits (OELs). Exposures to asbestos fibers from dropped ceiling work would be categorized as “highly controlled” for maintenance workers and “well controlled” for remaining work categories, according to the American Industrial Hygiene Association exposure control rating system. Annual exposures (dose) were found to be greatest for specialists, followed by maintenance workers, generalists, bystanders, and DIY. On a comparative basis, modeled dose and thus risk from dropped ceilings for all work categories were orders of magnitude lower than published exposures for other sources of banned friable asbestos‐containing building material commonly encountered in construction trades.     

中华饮食博物馆:一位名厨的美食王国

沈阳市棋盘山风景区西北方向,进正门直行,最后一个交通岗右转4.2公里,可见一座颇具气势的展馆,建筑面积有1万余平方米. 此馆名为“中华饮食文化博物馆”,展示的乃是悠悠华夏饮食文化,馆内展品林林总总,自新石器时代开始至现代的炊具、食具,最原始的石磨、陶灶,到瓷器辉煌时期宋代的天目盏,又有各种精致食材的标本.无一不是精品,无一不是舌尖上的浓缩. 有这样一座以饮食文化为主题的博物馆,馆长一定不是普通人,这个人是著名辽菜大师李春祥.     

Adaptive modeling of the human-environment relationship applied to estimation of the population carrying capacity in an earthquake zone

Natural catastrophes such as earthquakes can, in addition to causing loss of life, disrupt the urbanization process through the need for forced population redistribution and the modification of resource and environmental carrying capacity. The population carrying capacity (PCC) of an altered environment following an earthquake is a crucial determinant in the relocation of displaced persons. We use data adaptive methods to model the correlation between the physical environment and human population density in estimating PCC in areas affected by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Comparing actual population distributions with ideal population distributions allows for the identification of villages where population exceeds PCC, or conversely, areas where the environment can support a higher population. Such a comparison can provide the basis for a relocation plan, a critical element of post-catastrophe policy-making.     

水平井中砂泥岩互层的双侧向测井响应研究

摘要：针对砂泥岩互层的复杂测井环境，采用三维有限元数值模拟方法，计算了多层介质模型的水平井双侧向测井响应。结果表明，井眼半径、泥浆电阻率和围岩（砂岩、泥岩）的电阻率及侵入半径与电阻率对水平井双侧向测井响应都有不同程度的影响。在砂泥岩地层中，井眼尺寸越大，泥浆电阻率越高，对视电阻率的影响越严重；当目的层厚大于8 m 后，视电阻率受围岩（砂岩、泥岩）影响很小，基本上反映地层的真实电阻率，并且曲线变化规律大致相同，此时可近似为三层介质模型；对于低阻侵入，侵入越深，视电阻率越偏离真实地层电阻率。     

论执政党问责能力的系统配置与长效机制——对《中国共产党问责条例》的学理性支撑

《中国共产党问责条例》的颁布实施强化了执政党问责的制度保障能力,但同时也对执政党有关问责的理论创新能力、认知发展能力、制度执行能力、引导参与能力和协同配合能力提出了系统提升的现实要求,当前要贯彻执行《问责条例》,党的领导决策机构必须建构监督检查机构的"主导性"、组宣机构的"参与性"和统战联络机构的"协作性"三重问责能力配置模式,并在此基础上建构相应的分工协同机制、开放运作机制、有效整合机制、信息反馈机制和绩效评估机制,以实现党问责能力的全面系统提升。     

徐家围子断陷油气运移体系及成藏模式分析

在对含油气组合特征和成藏要素配置关系综合分析基础上，根据断陷盆地发育特征以及天然气藏形成的主控因素，重点分析了地震泵对油气纵向运移的影响，建立了该区油气藏成藏模式，本区发育的油气藏类型主要有构造气藏，岩性气藏和由构造、岩性二者共同控制作用的构造—岩性气藏、地层超覆油气藏以及基岩风化壳油气藏。徐家围子断陷两期构造运动进而形成了正反转构造，为油气提供了良好的构造圈闭及纵向疏导通道。沙河子组共经历了3 次生排烃高峰，第一次由于强烈的构造活动，没有聚集成藏，后两次在其他成藏要素的配合下，最终得以聚集成藏。     

社会转型期新生代员工工作不安全感问题

作为当前核心人力资源的新生代员工,其在社会剧烈转型过程中产生的工作不安全感问题引发社会各界广泛关注。新生代员工工作不安全感具有明显的时代特征,它的形成既与员工个性特征有关,也受外部经济环境、组织环境以及家庭环境等因素的影响。强烈的工作不安全感会对新生代员工的组织承诺、离职率、组织公民行为甚至创新能力等带来诸多负面影响,组织管理者必须采取适当措施有效管理新生代员工的工作不安全感问题,实现员工与组织的和谐发展。     

化学/应化专业《波谱分析》课程教学方法探讨

根据《波谱分析》课程的特点和教学实践经验,运用现代化教育技术、ChemOffice软件辅助等手段对该课程的教学方法进行了一些探索.     

浪漫主义与后现代主义关系之分析

浪漫主义与后现代主义均为西方人文领域的重要思潮,对学术界和社会各领域均产生了深远的影响。二者的交汇点在于共同致力于对启蒙运动的批判,因而具有极大的相似之处。但是,浪漫主义与后现代主义之间存在着诸多显著差异,以故对其进行梳理具有重要的学术意义。     

国外审计理念与方法及其启示

近代审计自13世纪产生并发展至今,积累了大量成功经验和失败教训,是我们进行审计理论研究和实践开展的重要"参考书"。哲学是关于万物基本原理的科学和基本事物的假定,同样也是审计学的"母学"和认知先导。本文以审计哲学的概念与研究方法为框架,将国外的审计宏观理念与微观方法纳入审计"世界观"与"方法论"的范畴进行介绍和探讨,力求为我国的审计发展提供借鉴与参考。