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991.
992.
Using a large stated preference survey conducted across the U.S. and Canada, we assess differences in individual willingness
to pay (WTP) for health risk reductions between the two countries. Our utility-theoretic choice model allows for systematically varying
marginal utilities for avoided future time in different adverse health states (illness-years, recovered/remission years, and
lost life-years). We find significant differences between Canadian and U.S. preferences. WTP also differs systematically with age, gender, education, and marital status, as well as a number of attitudinal and subjective
health-perception variables. Age profiles for WTP are markedly different across the two countries. Canadians tend to display flatter age profiles, with peak WTP realized at older ages. 相似文献
993.
On the correlation between fraud and default risk 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thomas Mählmann 《Zeitschrift für Betriebswirtschaft》2010,80(12):1325-1352
Identity fraud is one of the fastest growing white-collar crimes today and a serious concern in our information-based economy.
This paper studies one type of identity fraud: new account fraud, where an impostor opens lines of credit using a false identity,
made-up or stolen. Relying on a unique data set of consumer bank accounts, that contains information on both, fraud and default
losses, I analyze the correlation between fraud and default risk. I find that common socio-economic/demographic account holder
characteristics have opposite effects on estimated default and fraud probabilities. For example, women possess a lower fraud
probability, but a higher default probability, compared to men, and foreigners are more likely to engage in account fraud
but less likely to default than Germans. Also, the portfolio level analysis indicates that portfolio loss distributions are
quite sensitive to ex ante portfolio characteristics like the share of foreigners or blue-collar workers. These findings have
important implications for banks managing their consumer credit portfolios using limiting rules based on borrower characteristics,
and for the adequacy of banks’ capital levels. 相似文献
994.
Sabine C. Koch Christina G. Baehne Lenelis Kruse Friederike Zimmermann Joerg Zumbach 《Journal of Nonverbal Behavior》2010,34(3):137-153
This study investigated visual dominance and visual egalitarianism of men and women (N = 94; 17 teams) in team meetings at diverse workplaces. Two novel gaze-related measures were developed: (a) a group visual dominance ratio (group-VDR) assessing each member’s visual dominance vis-à-vis all other members, and (b) a gaze distribution index (GDI) assessing each member’s visual egalitarianism to all group members. Multilevel analyses were conducted to account for
influences of the team members’ sex and status on the individual level and for influences of sex and status composition of
the teams, and the team leaders’ sex on the group level. Results suggested that high-status individuals displayed more visual
dominance than low-status individuals. The significant interaction of individuals’ sex and status indicated that the positive
relationship of status and visual dominance applied particularly to women. The more women in a team, the more visual dominance
was displayed. The team leader’s sex significantly influenced visual egalitarianism: Gaze distribution was less egalitarian
when the team leader was male. 相似文献
995.
Consider partitions of a given set A of n distinct points in general position in ℝ
d
into parts where each pair of parts can be separated by a hyperplane that contains a given set of points E. We consider the problem of counting and generating all such partitions (correcting a classic 1967 result of Harding about
the number of such partitions into two parts). Applications of the result to partition problems are presented. 相似文献
996.
Andrew J. Schneller Patricia A. Baum 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2011,22(2):259-282
This research explores the contributions of the sea turtle conservation movement in Baja California Sur (B.C.S.), Mexico,
to the growth of associational life in the state. Mexico has historically been known as a country with a traditionally weak
associational life. Yet, the activities of sea turtle NGOs and community groups presented a unique case study to better understand
the social, political, and strategic factors that have contributed to voluntary civic engagement and the environmental successes
of the movement. Through 799 interviews and surveys with public stakeholders, this research utilized Sabet’s (Democratization
2:410–432, 2008) focus on political opportunity, efforts to reform informal rules, and supportive social networks, as an explanatory framework
to help describe the emergence of associational life. We found that the sea turtle conservation movement in B.C.S. has become
accessible to a diversity of interests and individuals. We found unexpected results in the extent of federal environmental
agency complaisance in regard to the involvement of NGOs in conservation programs and environmental policy decisions that
have traditionally been the sole domain of the Government of Mexico. 相似文献
997.
关于提升大学综舍排名的竞争策略,可以运用累积Logit模型来研究各评价指标排名对大学综合排名的影响效应,通过提高那些对综合排名影响效应较大的指标排名,能更有效地促进综合排名的提高,从而确定有效的排名竞争策略。利用网大(www.netbig.com)“中国大学排行榜”的排名数据进行实证分析,得出排名越靠前的大学通过提升“声誉”和“学术成果”名次能最有效提升综合排名。而排名越靠后的大学则通过提升“学术资源”和“物资资源”名次能最有效提升综合排名等结论。 相似文献
998.
Gérard Hamiache 《Social Choice and Welfare》2011,37(2):287-307
A disturbing feature of most of the solution concepts for TU games with incomplete communication is that payments of players
may decrease when they activate a new link. That can be considered as a drawback which does not occur for the Myerson value
(Math Oper Res 2:225–229, 1977) of superadditive games. The present article offers a new axiomatic characterization of the
Myerson value. We show that the Myerson value is the unique solution for games with communication structures verifying a set
of properties including monotonicity with respect to the graph and coinciding with the Shapley value when the communication
is complete. 相似文献
999.
Richard Lang Dietmar Roessl 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2011,22(4):706-730
The article inquires into the role of the institutional context in explaining the governance of community co-operatives. These
organizations do not solely focus on a member’s advantage but act on behalf of some collective identity. To enhance our understanding
of the nature of co-operative governance on the neighborhood level, we draw on theoretical concepts that are context-sensitive,
helping us to catch the institutional conditions in a specific place which are enabling individuals and groups to act and
organize collectively. Thus, we enrich the abstract concept of governance put forward by New Institutional Economics. Based
on a systematic analysis of case studies, the paper shows that the governance of community co-operatives is based on place-bound
values. However, the encounter of divergent imaginations of the neighborhood results in different co-operative practices:
e.g., either a government-directed practice to “discipline” the community or a community-initiated practice of self-organization. 相似文献
1000.