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241.
Christine M. Anderson-Cook Michael S. Hamada Leslie M. Moore Joanne R. Wendelberger 《The American statistician》2017,71(1):6-14
At Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), statistical scientists develop solutions for a variety of national security challenges through scientific excellence, typically as members of interdisciplinary teams. At LANL, mentoring is actively encouraged and practiced to develop statistical skills and positive career-building behaviors. Mentoring activities targeted at different career phases from student to junior staff are an important catalyst for both short and long term career development. This article discusses mentoring strategies for undergraduate and graduate students through internships as well as for postdoctoral research associates and junior staff. Topics addressed include project selection, progress, and outcome; intellectual and social activities that complement the student internship experience; key skills/knowledge not typically obtained in academic training; and the impact of such internships on students’ careers. Experiences and strategies from a number of successful mentorships are presented. Feedback from former mentees obtained via a questionnaire is incorporated. These responses address some of the benefits the respondents received from mentoring, helpful contributions and advice from their mentors, key skills learned, and how mentoring impacted their later careers. 相似文献
242.
Existing research linking prior military employment with labor market outcomes has focused on comparing the relative income of veterans and nonveterans. However, people who join the armed forces are uniquely selected from the broader population, and the form and direction of selectivity has shifted over time, with differential enlistment rates by race, region, and socioeconomic status. Understanding changes in the demographic composition of enlistees and veterans has significant import for the study of social mobility, particularly given changes in the occupational structure since the mid-twentieth century and wage stagnation well into the new millennium. Furthermore, labor market polarization and increases in educational attainment since WWII raise additional concerns about the social origins of military personnel and their occupational trajectories after discharge. Using data from the National Longitudinal Surveys, we investigate how social background is linked to both income and occupational mobility among veterans from three cohorts of American men: World War II, Vietnam, and the All-Volunteer Force. We find few benefits for veterans, for either income or intergenerational occupational mobility, once social background is controlled, suggesting that selection into the armed forces largely governs outcomes in the civilian labor market. Our findings have significant importance for understanding civilian labor market outcomes and trajectories of social mobility during distinct phases of military staffing. 相似文献
243.
ABSTRACTWhile in Western literature, migration is generally considered an individual or (nuclear) household phenomenon, Indian context adds the strong presence of parents and extended family to the constellation. This paper addresses how significant others shape the life course events and the migration trajectories of highly skilled Indian migrants to the Netherlands and UK. We employ a qualitative approach to the life course framework to highlight the linked lives that can alter the migration decisions. Our findings are drawn from 47 semi-structured biographic interviews. The results underscore how further migration decisions are often informed by the implications of the different life stages of the linked lives, the key elements being care-giving by and for the parents. Furthermore, we also illustrate how migration provides space for negotiating social norms and expectations: due to the geographical distance between migrants and their parents, the local (non-Indian) context plays a bigger role and thus the need for and timing of conformity with norms can be postponed. The understanding of family life in transnational settings will be enriched when individuals are embedded within the cultural background and linked lives are extended beyond the immediate nuclear family. 相似文献
244.
Vicki Flenady David Ellwood Billie Bradford Michael Coory Philippa Middleton Glenn Gardener Ingela Radestad Caroline Homer Miranda Davies-Tuck Della Forster Adrienne Gordon Katie Groom Caroline Crowther Sue Walker Claire Foord Jane Warland Margaret Murphy Joanne Said Lesley McCowan 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2019,32(1):1-2
245.
Carmelle Peisah Georgina M. Luscombe Joanne K. Earl Chanaka Wijeratne 《Journal of women & aging》2019,31(2):95-107
Despite increasing interest from the medical profession in aging and retirement, we know little about effects of gender, marital status, and cohort on aging within the profession. We surveyed 1,048 Australian doctors from “younger” (55–64) and “older” (65–89) cohorts, investigating gender and marital effects on perceptions of successful aging, career, and retirement intent. Women intend to retire earlier. Younger cohort and married women more frequently viewed their career as a calling, while women in general, and single women more frequently, endorsed personal successful aging more than men. Broader understanding of the different experiences of aging for men and women doctors is needed. 相似文献
246.
George Bailey 《Journal of Sociolinguistics》2019,23(1):3-28
This paper investigates the social meaning of post‐nasal [ɡ]‐presence, a dialectal variant characteristic of North Western varieties of British English that is claimed to have local prestige. Using a matched‐guise approach, this study reveals the absence of a community‐wide norm with respect to how [?ɡ] clusters are evaluated as well as diachronic change in the level of awareness speakers have of this variable. Older subjects are not sensitive to the dialectal status of [?ɡ] and as a result do not evaluate it differently from [?]; the local form is more accessible to evaluation among younger subjects, for whom the northern indexicality is stronger, but at this incipient stage of social meaning there is no agreement on what the content of this evaluation should be. The results speak to questions regarding the development of shared norms, their role in the speech community, and the granularity of social meaning more generally. 相似文献
247.
Experiments on disease in plants often use half-leaves as experimental units. The whole leaves are typically in the rectangular array formed by h leaf-heights (rows) and p plants (columns), where h < p . We specialize to the case where h = n and p = 2 n and there are 2 n treatments. If each treatment occurs once per column and twice per row, we call such a design a semi-Latin rectangle. Efficient semi-Latin rectangles of such sizes are constructed for 2 ≤ n ≤ 10. Guidance is given on their use. 相似文献
248.
Anne W. Bailey 《Journal of Children and Poverty》2000,6(1):33-41
Since the late 1970s, changes in family income in the United States have varied by income category. While the average income of families with children in the top 20% of the income distribution has grown, the average income of families with children in the bottom 20% has declined. Factors contributing to the growing income gap include disparities in wages paid to low-income workers relative to high-income workers, an increase in female-headed single parent families, and a decrease in the value of the minimum wage. Welfare reform will likely only exacerbate this situation. This study synthesizes existing research as well as data from an Ohio county to demonstrate that the minimum wage incomes available to poor families are not sufficient for even basic necessities. In order for former AFDC recipients to become economically independent, government policies must be enacted to increase wages and/or provide income assistance for poor families. 相似文献
249.
In recent years a number of programmes have been developed which focus on the urban community rather than the individual as the beneficiary of welfare allocations. Working on the assumption that different views of social malaise will generate different programme types, this paper takes an analytical framework developed by Roland Warren and applies it to an Australian situation. The problem at stake is one of creating conditions in which a newly formed organization can enter an urban situation and begin to coordinate local activity. This paper discusses the difficulty a new organization has in breaking into the inter-organizational field, the difficulty of achieving legitimacy, and means by which its activities may be prevented, blunted and repelled. These are illustrated with examples in metropolitan Adelaide. 相似文献
250.
Faye Mishna Mona Khoury-KassabriTahany Gadalla Joanne Daciuk 《Children and youth services review》2012,34(1):63-70