Readiness for independent living of youth in residential childcare: A comparative study

Transition to adulthood is an accelerated and early process for care leavers that requires intensive preparation, training and support from child welfare services. This study aimed to explore the perceived readiness for independent living of a group of care-experienced young people preparing for leaving care in Spain and to compare it with the perceptions of their peers from the general population. A sample of 508 youth (50% women) aged 14–21 (M = 16.67; SD = 1.72) took part, of whom 279 were care experienced and 229 belonged to the general population in Spain. Participants' independent living skills, personal autonomy, self-efficacy and sociodemographic characteristics were assessed through an online survey using standardized instruments. Care-experienced young people displayed higher levels of life skills and autonomy in self-care, daily living at home and employment domains, but not related to making daily arrangements in their community. However, their educational level and self-efficacy levels were lower than in the comparison group. Work experience stood out as a significant predictor of care-experienced young people's life skills level. These findings support the importance of assessing life skills as an outcome of leaving care preparation services and providing care-experienced young people with real-life experiences to develop their life skills.     

Longitudinal Poisson modeling: an application for CD4 counting in HIV-infected patients

In this paper, we present different “frailty” models to analyze longitudinal data in the presence of covariates. These models incorporate the extra-Poisson variability and the possible correlation among the repeated counting data for each individual. Assuming a CD4 counting data set in HIV-infected patients, we develop a hierarchical Bayesian analysis considering the different proposed models and using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. We also discuss some Bayesian discrimination aspects for the choice of the best model.     

Managing complexity in a multi-business-model organization

Many organizations operate multiple business models (BMs) concurrently. Yet, we know little about the challenges of managing a BM portfolio in one organization. In this study, we examine complexity as an important issue facing multi-BM firms. We differentiate complexity within a single BM from the complexity of links between BMs managed by a focal organization. Linking the BM and corporate strategy literatures, we discuss important dimensions and consequences of complexity in a BM portfolio. The sharing of similar activities and partners and the redeployment of activities and partners across BMs are important dimensions of the complexity of an integrated BM portfolio. We also suggest that BM portfolio complexity should be aligned with organizational design in terms of the centralization or decentralization of the decision-making process, and identify the positive effect of BM portfolio complexity on building imitation barriers.     

PERFORMANCE,DIVERSITY AND NATIONAL IDENTITY EVIDENCE FROM ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL

The increasing national diversity of coworkers has no consensus on its impact on performance. Using a team's predominant nationality as a proxy for national diversity and national identity, there is robust evidence that it affects team and individual performance. Detailed worker-level data from a highly globalized industry, association football, show a nonlinear relationship between performance and the predominant nationality of a team's roster. As the number of members from the predominant nationality increases, performance declines. However, beyond a threshold level, performance rises. It follows that performance benefits from national diversity when the predominant nationality is small and from national identity when it is large. (JEL M14, Z21, Z22, J15)     

Raising Children Amid the Threat of Deportation: Perspectives from Undocumented Latina Mothers

Despite the large number of families with at least one undocumented parent, little research has investigated mothering amid the threat of immigration enforcement. We present results of a community-based participatory study with 7 Latina mothers who describe their experiences of parenting while navigating the possibility of deportation. Undocumented mothers found meaning in caring for their children. Yet due to restrictions related to immigration status, mothers were unable to support their children as they intended and feared their deportations would leave children without care, contributing to psychological duress. We provide recommendations for practitioners working with mixed-status families.     

Foreign market re-entry: A review and future research directions

Foreign market re-entry has increasingly attracted academic interest. However, different streams of research have developed largely independently of each other, which has hindered theory development and practical advancement in the field. By reviewing 45 relevant articles in international business and related disciplines between 1996 and 2020, this study provides a systematic review and analysis of the literature on re-entry. In addition, a framework is developed to direct future research efforts. Following the logic of ‘Antecedents-Phenomenon-Consequences’ and focusing on the time dimension, this study enables better understanding of the re-entry phenomenon and provides recommendations for future research in this area.     

Modelling academic entrepreneurial intention with Bayesian networks / Modelado de la intención emprendedora académica con redes bayesianas

Entrepreneurship serves as an engine for the economy and has sparked a great deal of scholarly interest since the Enlightenment. Today, universities play an essential role in knowledge transfer as drivers that promote this phenomenon. The objective of this study is to compare different theoretical models that seek to explain the variables involved in entrepreneurial intention among university faculty using an automatic structural learning method of Bayesian networks. The sample was comprised of 1,068 professors from Spanish public universities between the ages of 24 and 77 (M = 43.54, SD = 9.78). The results show that the variables that directly predict entrepreneurial intention are self-efficacy, desirability, attitude and social norm. These results are interesting for further exploring knowledge of the variables involved in the process of entrepreneurship at the university level and proposing systems to foster entrepreneurship.