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Aspects of 47 preschoolers'emotional competence—their patterns of emotional expressiveness and reactions to others' emotion displays—were observed in two settings, with mother and with peers, and their general social competence was rated by their preschool teachers. Intrapersonal and interpersonal (i.e., socialization correlates of children's emotional competence were identified, and a causal model incorporating direct and indirect influences on social competence was evaluated. Maternal patterns of expressiveness, reactions to children's emotion displays, and self-reported affective environment were associated with children's emotional competence in the preschool. Children's emotional competence with mother predicted their emotional competence in the preschool somewhat less strongly, suggesting that emotional competence may differ according to the interpersonal relationship studied. Taken as a whole, findings reassert the importance of the domain of emotional expression to the development of social competence.Reprint requests can be sent to the author, Department of Psychology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030. Grateful acknowledgment goes to the mothers and children who so clearly expressed and reacted to emotions; thanks also are due to Christine Alban, Joanne Ayyash, Michael Casey, Elizabeth Couchoud, Huynh Dung, Merlina Hemingway, Soueang Lay, Vanna Nguyen, Emilianne Slayden and Kimberly Sproul, as well as the director and teachers of the Project for the Study of Young Children. An earlier version of this material was presented at the 1991 Biennial Meetings of the Society for Research in Child Development, Seattle, WA. University support from Grants #2-10150, 2-10176 and 2-10073 also made the research possible. 相似文献
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V.P. Kultygin 《International Journal of Social Welfare》1993,2(3):142-149
The article describes the socioeconomic situation of the Russian population and its dynamics in 1992. The analysis is based on series of regional sociological surveys led by the All-Russian Living Standards Research Center and on official Russian statistical data. The basic unit of analysis is the family, and hence family typology approbated both in research and in practical social work is introduced. Besides describing and discussing the growing poverty tendencies in contemporary Russia, the article also contains methodological recommendations for social policy bodies and social workers on the strategy of work in social maintenance and social support of the least secure population strata. 相似文献
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Unions,PAC contributions,and the NAFTA vote 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Political action committees (PACs), especially those controlled by organized labor and business, have been shown to affect
Congressional voting. We explore how PACs influenced the House of Representatives’ vote on the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA). The NAFTA vote is analyzed because organized labor strongly opposed the treaty while business generally supported
it and because of the straight-forward voting generated by its fast-track status. Probit analysis of a unique, unpublished
data set containing information about PAC and non-PAC contributions to the 1992 House election campaigns demonstrates that
Representatives who depended largely on labor PACs tended to oppose NAFTA, while Representatives who derived a large proportion
of their campaign contributions from business PACs tended to favor its passage. 相似文献
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