Heterosexual Women’s and Men’s Labeling of Anal Behaviors as Having “Had Sex”

This study explored labeling of penile–anal intercourse (PAI), manual–anal (MA), and oral–anal (OA) behaviors as having “had sex” among heterosexual men and women with such experience residing in the United States (n = 3,218). Adult men and women completed an online questionnaire assessing sexual behaviors and whether each counted as having had sex. With the exception of anal intercourse, there was high variation in whether a behavior was labeled having had sex. There was not consensus on which anal sexual behaviors constituted having had sex, with attitudes varying across age, gender, and behavioral experience. Those who were older, male, and had the specific behavioral experience were more likely to label it as having had sex. Behaviorally specific assessments of the various anal behaviors as part of the sexual repertoire is critical to more accurate evaluation of sexual histories and assessment of risks to sexual health.     

Two Approaches to Seeing People with Disabilities

This study tests the possibility that attitudes to people with disabilities can be divided into two types: attitudes at the societal level and attitudes at the personal level. This distinction was made with the aim of clarifying ambiguities from previous research. One test of the proposed distinction rests on the assumption that personal contact with people with disabilities will influence attitudes at the personal level but not at the societal level. Sixty subjects were assigned to either a control group or intervention groups which experienced interventions involving a person with a disability. The attitudes of all subjects were measured one month before and at the time of the intervention. Data on prior contact were also collected. The results, which supported the two level approach, are discussed in terms of their implications for improving attitudes to people with disabilities.     

Children Starting to be Looked After by Local Authorities in England: An Analysis of Inter-authority Variation and Case-centred Decision Making

This paper presents findings from a study of children lookedafter by 24 local authorities in England. The study combinedanalysis of key statistical data with a questionnaire surveycompleted by the social workers for a sub-sample of the children.This paper focuses on children who started a period of beinglooked after in the participating authorities during the 6 monthsfrom October 2000 to March 2001. The study found considerablevariation between the authorities in their rates of childrenstarting to be looked after, and the paper explores reasonsfor these differences. It also highlights the variety of legalroutes and placement options used for children entering thelooked after system, and proposes a matrix that summarizes thevarious combinations that the authorities were found to be using.The matrix can assist social workers and their managers in identifyingthe most appropriate option for individual children.     

Research Review: Child and family support services with minority ethnic families: what can we learn from research?

This paper considers some of the available published research on family support services for minority ethnic families. In addressing this aspect of social work with minority ethnic families, we seek to make a contribution to the knowledge base of practitioners. The paper begins with an overview of what is known about family support services for particular minority ethnic groups, before exploring three specific areas: family centres, a home visiting service, and family group conferences. The paper finally examines what research says about the qualities sought in social workers by minority ethnic parents.     

Moving The Mentally Ill Into The Community: The Problem Of Acceptance And The Effect Of Contact

Community acceptance of the mentally ill is fundamental to a successful change to community-based care, now being implemented in New South Wales. This policy was based on an inquiry that viewed acceptance optimistically and postulated that contact with the mentally ill would be a favourable influence. The applicability of this extension of the ‘contact hypothesis’ from its original racial context is tested in one area of Sydney. The results indicate that the type of contact arising from community mental health facilities is not an effective catalyst of relevant attitude change, and suggest particular difficulties among the lower two socioeconomic classes.     

Whittemore's notion of collapsibility in multidimensional contingency tables

We develop simple necessary and sufficient conditions for a hierarchical log linear model to be strictly collapsible in the sense defined by Whittemore (1978). We then show that collapsibility as defined by Asmussen & Edwards (1983) can be viewed as equivalent to collapsibility as defined by Whittemore (1978) and illustrate why Bishop, Fienberg, & Holland's (1975, p.47) conditions for collapsibility are sufficient but not necessary. Finally, we discuss how collapsibility facilitates interpretation of certain hierarchical log linear models and formulation of hypotheses concerning marginal distributions associated with multidimensional contingency tables.     

Settlement assistance and intermarriage for immigrants to Canada

Canada initiated a points‐based admission system in 1967 to select immigrants, regardless of racial or ethnic origin, who were most likely to prosper economically and assimilate into the host society. If the points‐based admission system achieved its goal of selecting ‘assimilable ‘ immigrants, those persons admitted under the policy should be just as likely to marry outside of their nationality group as within it. Using data from the Longitudinal Study of Economic and Social Adaptation of Immigrants to Life in Canada, multinomial logistic regression models of spousal choice were estimated for the 3,984 respondents who were single upon arrival in Canada. Nominated immigrants (those persons admitted with promises of settlement assistance) were found to have greater odds of intramarriage than independent immigrants.     

性爱躺着，爱情跪着

还记得吧，安妮宝贝当道的那阵子，许多文艺或假装文艺的拧巴女青年们，终日絮叨的除了寂寞啊青春啊花朵啊棉布裙子啊之外就这句我怀念的不是他，而是有他的那段时光。