农地经营权流转与宁夏生态移民发展研究

笔者通过对宁夏生态移民迁入地发展滞后的现状分析,发现农地建设与经营成本负担是制约生态移民迁入地发展的主因。根据制度变迁理论,结合十七届三中全会决议,文章探讨了生态移民农地经营权流转制度,提出采取“农地收购”、“招募式移民安置与农地产业化经营模式”是解决当前农地短缺和生态移民发展问题的有效途径。     

吴晗治史精神论略

吴晗一生长涉文史,覃思著述,曾对我国20世纪史学的发展和繁荣做出了巨大贡献,其丰富独到的治史精神也成为了我们用之不竭的宝贵财富。主要表现在：一是坚持唯物主义史观;二是彰显史学致用意识;三是秉承求实考据之学;四是倡导史学普及理念;五是恪守历史教育精神。这些精神对于促进历史科学的赓续发展具有极为重要的意义,对今天的史学工作者来说亦不无裨益。     

Improving outcomes for children in out‐of‐home care: the role of therapeutic foster care

How best to support children and young people in foster care remains a challenge for child welfare. There has been little Australian research on the outcomes for children and young people placed in therapeutic foster care (TFC). This article aims to address this knowledge gap, presenting the evaluation of a state‐wide model of TFC known as the Circle Program operating in Victoria, Australia. Data sources for the study were case assessment analysis; surveys of foster carers, program workers and other stakeholders in the sector; and both focus groups and individual interviews with foster care workers. The evaluation found that the Circle Program lessened the number of unplanned exits of children from foster placements compared with generalist foster care. Another important finding was that the Circle Program positively influenced foster carers' decisions to stay in the carer role. Key components perceived as contributing to outcomes of the Circle Program included enhanced training of foster carers, intensive carer support, specialist therapeutic support to the child and carer, therapeutic service to family members and a network of services to provide support to the child.     

Going solo: Findings from a survey of women aging without a partner and who do not have children

Greater longevity in the UK population has led to the increasing diversity of women experiencing aging in a multitude of ways. Internationally, gender inequalities in aging are still relatively invisible within both government policy and everyday life for particular groups of women. This article explores the concept of women growing older “solo”—by which we mean women who find themselves nonpartnered and aging without children as they move into later life. We report on the findings from a mixed-methods survey of 76 solo women in the UK aged 50 years and over, used to provide a broader overview of the issues and challenges they face as they move into later life. Qualitative data from the survey captured respondents’ perspectives about the links between their relationships status and well-being in later life and highlighted specific cumulative disadvantages emerging for some women as a result of their solo lifestyles. We discuss two key themes that were identified, “solo-loneliness” and “meaningful futures,” in conjunction with the relevant literature and make suggestions for future research within gender and aging studies that could enhance more positive approaches to solo lifestyles.     

社会团体的三个面向与社会管理职能的发挥

发挥社会组织在社会管理领域的各项职能,对于创新社会管理具有十分重要的意义。以社会团体为例,它在社会管理领域的主要职能来源于三个面向,即:面向会员———规范会员行为,促进行业自律;面向公众———提供公共服务,促进资源整合配置;面向政府和其他团体———促进利益协商与对话,参与公共决策。在此过程中,社会团体对于激发社会活力、增加社会和谐因素、减少社会不和谐因素等发挥着重要的作用。当前,为促进社会团体的发展,调整政府与社会团体的关系、加大政策和资金的扶持力度是十分必要的。     

新疆农业经济波动的数量分析

新疆农业波动的数量分析以新疆农业总产值增长率作为考察指标,按照"谷一谷"划分法,在1979-2004年的26年中,新疆农业增长率呈现5个周期(其中第5个周期尚未结束).纵向上,改革开放以后新疆农业波动状态特征是由剧烈转向平缓;横向上,新疆农业波动幅度大于新疆经济波动幅度.     

精益成本管理模式及其启示

国外的精益成本管理模式是以客户满意为前提,以精益管理为手段,以降低成本为途径,以提高企业竞争力为目标,形成了包括采购、设计、生产、物流、服务等作业环节上的企业供应链成本管理理念。随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的逐步建立和完善,企业成为市场的主体,服务客户的观念和成本竞争的意识已深入企业日常管理活动中,使我国企业开始面临以作业流程为核心的供应链的再造。因此,国外精益成本管理思想很值得我国企业界深入学习和实践。然而,精益成本管理对企业的信息交流渠道与组织管理机构要求的条件较高,目前在我国实施还有一定的困难,但是,它对我国企业改善成本管理的基础工作仍提出了很多有益的启示。     

修德而后可讲学——论《明儒学案》的精神

长期以来,学界主要从哲学、学术史、体例学等方面来研究《明儒学案》,很少有人从修德角度来探讨《明儒学案》。其实黄宗羲的创作宗旨在于修德,《明儒学案》的精神是“修德而后可讲学”。围绕着修德,黄宗羲从三方面来评论明代学术:一是修德重在自得,学术要在自家身心上生根。二是修德深浅关乎学术深浅。判断学术深浅要考察其圆融性和深刻性。圆融性要求说话前后一贯,理论没有矛盾。深刻性可以从如何解决本体与工夫,从如何回答理-心凑泊、儒-释分别这两个问题,从如何进行学术辩论,从如何讨论同一个话题这四方面看出。三是修德具有效果,可以使人坦然面对贫穷、危险、死亡,可以“所过者化”。本文通过考察黄宗羲对明儒学术的评论,再现了黄宗羲修德的深浅,建构了黄宗羲的修德理论,同时期望引起现代学者能对自己的学术研究进行深刻反思。     

用科学的发展观统领中国法学的全局--再论人本法律观

人本法律观是马克思主义法学中国化的重要成果,发展中的马克思主义关于以人为本的科学,“人是法律的本源”、“人是法律的依归”、“人是法律的主体”、“人是法律的目的”等是人本法律观立论的依据。人本法律观是建设社会主义法治国家的基本理念,把“尊重人格、合乎人性、保障人权”贯彻到法治的全过程,是以人民根本利益为本的法律观。     

微细电火花加工的技术分析

微细电火花加工技术是实现微机械的一个重要手段,本文根据微细电火花加工的特点,对其微能脉冲电源、工具电极、微量进给伺服系统、机床精度、工作液及其循环系统进行了技术分析。