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Max Guyll Stephanie Madon Loreto Prieto Kyle C. Scherr 《The Journal of social issues》2010,66(1):113-130
Acculturation and ethnic identity may be associated with Latino/as' educational outcomes and be relevant to their lower levels of academic achievement. This article explores how these relationships might be mediated by considering several empirically supported and theory-based social psychological processes—the self-fulfilling prophecy, stigma consciousness, and stereotype threat. These processes suggest specific mediational mechanisms that remain largely unexamined, thereby offering novel directions for research and the potential to enrich understanding of the relationship between Latino/a ethnicity and academic performance. Consideration of these mediational mechanisms suggests that some groups within the Latino/a population face even greater challenges with regard to educational achievement. Accordingly, the particular difficulties encountered by Latinas and the children of families of migrant workers and new and undocumented immigrants are discussed. In addition, the potential relevance of education policies to the operation of the reviewed processes is explored. 相似文献
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J. Ignacio García‐Pérez Fernando Muñoz‐Bullón Manuela Prieto‐Rodríguez 《International migration (Geneva, Switzerland)》2014,52(6):165-179
In this paper, we analyse wage differences between foreign and Spanish nationals in Spain. This analysis is relevant because Spain has witnessed a sharp increase in the proportion of foreign workers over the past decade. In our analysis, we explicitly account for unobserved heterogeneity at firm level, a situation which occurs when relevant covariates (for example, those connected to a specific firm's production process) are not included in the model because they are unmeasurable, unobservable or unavailable for the researcher. When accounting for such heterogeneity, our results show that wage gaps between foreign nationals from developing countries and Spanish nationals range between ?6.35 per cent and ?11.30 per cent. We also find that wage differences, between Spanish nationals and others in the same firm and job, are substantially greater for almost every group of low‐tenured foreign workers and also for those holding open‐ended contracts. 相似文献
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María Jos del Barrio‐Tellado Luis Csar Herrero‐Prieto Clare Murray 《Nonprofit management & leadership》2020,31(1):129-152
Our aim is to evaluate the performance of American dance companies, considering that the production process may be subdivided into consecutive stages consisting of fundraising, artistic production, and social impact. A three‐stage network‐Data Envelopment Analysis model is applied which takes account of the links between stages in the form of intermediate inputs/outputs and provides an overall indicator of efficiency together with partial performance indicators in the stages. Given the lack of information for some variables, we previously undertook a process to impute missing values following MICE (multiple imputation by chained equations) procedures. Results show that the highest levels of efficiency are achieved during the cultural creation stage, whereas the lowest correspond to social impact, indicating that dance companies pursue artistic excellence in their cultural programming, irrespective of their activity's commercial outcomes. Moreover, public and private funds are seen to be channeled following this guideline, thereby justifying the non‐profit status of these entities. 相似文献
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Infants infer social and pragmatic intentions underlying attention‐directing gestures, but the basis on which infants make these inferences is not well understood. Previous studies suggest that infants rely on information from preceding shared action contexts and joint perceptual scenes. Here, we tested whether 12‐month‐olds use information from act‐accompanying cues, in particular prosody and hand shape, to guide their pragmatic understanding. In Experiment 1, caregivers directed infants’ attention to an object to request it, share interest in it, or inform them about a hidden aspect. Caregivers used distinct prosodic and gestural patterns to express each pragmatic intention. Experiment 2 was identical except that experimenters provided identical lexical information across conditions and used three sets of trained prosodic and gestural patterns. In all conditions, the joint perceptual scenes and preceding shared action contexts were identical. In both experiments, infants reacted appropriately to the adults’ intentions by attending to the object mostly in the sharing interest condition, offering the object mostly in the imperative condition, and searching for the referent mostly in the informing condition. Infants’ ability to comprehend pragmatic intentions based on prosody and gesture shape expands infants’ communicative understanding from common activities to novel situations for which shared background knowledge is missing. 相似文献
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AbstractBeth Ashmore reviews The Purpose-Based Library: Finding Your Path to Survival, Success and Growth; Scott Johnson reviews Metaliteracy in Practice; Catherine Johnson reviews Teaching Information Literacy Reframed: 50+ Framework-Based Exercises for Creating Information-Literate Learners; Adolfo G. Prieto reviews Dynamic Research Support for Academic Libraries. 相似文献
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