Die intra-individuelle Stabilität gesellschaftlicher Wertorientierungen

In empirical social research very little is known about the internal stability of social value orientations. The main reason for this is a shortage of long-time panel studies including usable value indicators. Beyond this background we analyse the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) which enables us to examine the internal stability of Inglehart’s postmaterialism across a time span of at least twelve years. By using multi-level-models for panel data we can demonstrate the existence of cohort effects as well as life cycle effects among the two youngest birth cohorts and among respondents with higher education.     

Assessing physical, sexual, and psychological violence perpetrated by intimate male partners toward women: a Spanish cross-sectional study

There have been many studies on the impact of intimate partner violence (IPV) on women's health, there being agreement on its detrimental effect. Research has focused mainly on the impact of physical violence on health, with few studies assessing the effect of sexual and psychological violence. Furthermore, there are many differences in the way violence experienced by women is assessed. While some researchers use available instruments, others develop their own questionnaires. This article gives detailed information about physical, sexual, and psychological violence, lifetime history of women's victimization, and aspects of women's behavior and feelings obtained with the questionnaire used in a Spanish cross-sectional study. Our results corroborate that IPV is not homogeneous, it being necessary to ask women about each type of violence they have experienced. Furthermore, to accurately assess the impact of IPV on women's health, it is necessary to control for other variables that also have detrimental effects on health.