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131.
John Stillwell Martin Bell Marcus Blake Oliver Duke-Williams Phil Rees 《Journal of Population Research》2001,18(1):19-39
This paper explores the impact of net migration in Australia and the United Kingdom using measures of migration effectiveness
computed from period-age migration data for four consecutive five-year periods. Results reported in Part 1 of this paper (Stillwellet al. 2000) suggest that while the overall effectiveness of net migration at the scale of city regions has declined over the twenty-year
period in both countries, important geographical variations are evident. Part 2 considers how patterns of migration effectiveness
vary by age and presents a single classification of all the city regions on the basis of age-specific effectiveness. More
detailed analysis includes spatial patterns for particular age groups and net migration profiles of selected regions. Cohort
effects are shown to be important for explaining changes between time periods in these regions. 相似文献
132.
Making sense of census data: A components analysis of employment change among indigenous Australians 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The 1996 Census count of indigenous Australians included a substantial number of individuals who were not recorded as indigenous
by the previous census. This paper considers the implications of this for interpreting change in employment numbers. Two adjustments
are made to employment change data. First, reverse survival of the 1996 population is applied to reconstruct 1991 employment
figures. Second, administrative data are used to discount employment generated by participation in labour market programs.
The effect is to substantially deflate the strong intercensal employment growth apparent from census counts with the conclusion
that the rate of indigenous employment in the mainstream labour market has fallen. 相似文献
133.
134.
This article presents the results of an AIDS-sponsored investigation of teaching effectiveness in the decision sciences. Two national samples were employed in the study: a sample of 247 business school deans and a sample of 3,292 students from 32 different business schools. Included among the findings are that 87 percent of the deans responding indicate they require some sort of faculty teaching effectiveness evaluation, and that great care must be exercised when interpreting student ratings of an individual instructor's teaching effectiveness. 相似文献
135.
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137.
This paper outlines decomposition methods for assessing how exposure affects prevalence and cumulative relative risk. Let x denote a vector of exogenous covariates and suppose that a single dimension of time t governs two event processes T 1 and T 2 . If the occurrence of the event T 1 determines entry into the risk of the event T 2 , then subgroup variation in T 1 will affect the prevalence T 2 , even if subgroups in the population are otherwise identical. Although researchers often acknowledge this phenomenon, the literature has not provided procedures to assess the magnitude of an exposure effect of T 1 on the prevalence of T 2 . We derive decompositions that assess how variation in exposure generated by direct and indirect effects of the covariates x affect measures of absolute and relative prevalence of T 2 . We employ a parametric but highly flexible specification for baseline hazard for the T 1 and T 2 processes and use the resulting parametric proportional hazard model to illustrate the direct and indirect effects of family structure when T 1 is age at first sexual intercourse and T 2 is age at a premarital first birth for data on a cohort of non-hispanic white U.S. women. 相似文献
138.
139.
Natalie Von Goetz Matthias Wormuth Martin Scheringer Konrad Hungerbühler 《Risk analysis》2010,30(3):473-487
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disrupting chemical that is found in human urine throughout industrial societies around the globe. Consumer exposure pathways to BPA include packaged food, household dust, air, and dental fillings. To date, information on the relative contribution of the different pathways to total consumer exposure is lacking, but is key for managing substance‐associated risks. We investigated the relative contributions of the pathways known to be most relevant for nine different consumer groups. Our results suggest that the most important pathways for infants and children are the use of polycarbonate (PC) baby bottles and for adults and teenagers the consumption of canned food. Dental surgery can also considerably contribute over a short time directly after the surgery. For infants fed with PC baby bottles with mean dose rates of 0.8 μg/kgbw/d the highest exposure dose rate was calculated. This dose rate is far below the tolerable daily intake of 50 μg/kgbw/d. However, it is of the same order of magnitude as recently reported concentrations that caused low‐dose health effects in rodents. We find a pattern of falling exposure levels with rising age that is supported by urinary concentrations of BPA available for selected consumer groups. Similarly, the exposure levels we predict are confirmed by the levels reported in these studies. 相似文献
140.
Although the urgency with which the Dutch East India Company administration at the Cape built defensive works was a direct result of their fear of attack from both land and sea, there was an additional imperative, for the Castle at Cape Town stood as a symbol of Dutch colonial aspirations. In this paper, we compare written and material texts of one part of the Castle's architecture to show firstly, how the discordances between such sources can reveal an underside of early colonization and secondly, how the Castle moat, in the seventeenth century a stamp of aspirant power, was by the mid‐nineteenth century a dump and a public nuisance. 相似文献