Pilot of a Computer-Based Brief Multiple–Health Behavior Intervention for College Students

Abstract

Objective: Given the documented multiple health risks college students engage in, and the dearth of effective programs addressing them, the authors developed a computer-based brief multiple–health behavior intervention. This study reports immediate outcomes and feasibility of a pilot of this program. Participants: Two hundred students attending a midsized university participated. Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or control program, both delivered via computer. Immediate feedback was collected with the computer program. Results: Results indicate that the intervention had an early positive impact on alcohol and cigarette use intentions, as well as related constructs underlying the Behavior-Image Model specific to each of the 3 substances measured. Based on the implementation process, the program proved to be feasible to use and acceptable to the population. Conclusion: Results support the potential efficacy of the intervention to positively impact behavioral intentions and linkages between health promoting and damaging behaviors among college students.     

The Taste for Corporate Responsibility: Heterogeneity and Consensus Around CR Indicators

We investigated, using an ad hoc questionnaire, a sample of Italian respondents’ opinions on different corporate responsibility (CR) items typically used by CR rating agencies. The hypotheses that equal average value weights are given to different CR items and equal variance (which we consider a proxy for the inverse of consensus on the importance of an indicator) were strongly rejected by our data, both in our overall survey sample and in more homogeneous subsamples based on gender, age, education, and religious beliefs. More specifically, we found that top environmental (renewable energy) and labor (heath and safety on the job) items had significantly higher scores than customer satisfaction, corporate governance, and animal testing items. We as well often reject the hypothesis that value weights for the same CR item are the same across different subpopulations in gender subsamples, because women attributed significantly higher weights than men to many CR items when we not corrected for young respondents’ oversampling.     

Fostering Solutions: Bringing Brief-Therapy Principles and Practices to the Child Welfare System

This article describes a 15-month university-community collaboration that was designed to fast-track children out of foster care. The developers of the project initiated resource-oriented systems facilitations, allowing wraparound professionals and families to come together in large meetings to solve problems and find solutions. Families also participated in strength-based brief-therapy sessions. The authors describe the history, structure, and process of the project, and they provide a case study to illustrate the approach and exemplify the kinds of changes that occurred throughout the system. In the final section of the article, the authors reflect on what they learned about their university-community partnership, what they would do differently the next time, and the implications of such larger-system involvements for American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy's Core Competencies.     

Immigrant Assimilation, Canada 1971–2006: Has the Tide Turned?

Based on the micro files of the Canadian Census we document an increasing earnings penalty for cohorts of immigrants arriving after the late-1970s, especially for the most recent cohort. We also find much quicker assimilation rates for these cohorts, especially for the most recent cohort. Since the late-1970s, the increasing earnings penalty dominated their more rapid assimilation, so that immigrants exhibited ever-deteriorating patterns of integration into the Canadian labour market. For the most recent cohort (2002–2006), this reversed itself, suggesting that the tide may have turned. We find this for both men and women. Our findings are robust across alternative regression specifications, as well as a sample that only considers full-time and full-year workers.     

Relationship of perceived future opportunity to depressive symptomatology of inner-city African-American adolescents

This study investigated the relationship of perceived future opportunities to level of depressive symptomatology in a sample of 173 adolescents attending inner city non-public schools in a large city in the northeastern region of the United States. Standard multiple regression analysis revealed that lower perceived future opportunity for both females (MR = .37, R²= .13, Beta =−.29) and males (MR = .39, R² = .15, Beta = −.41) were significantly associated with higher levels of depressive symptomatology. Secondary findings showed 46% of African-American students were in the at-risk category for depression and almost a third of students (30%) reported lower levels of perceived future opportunities. Future longitudinal studies are suggested to examine the temporal and casual relationships of perceived future opportunities to depression. Implications for social work policy and practice to improve future opportunities for disadvantaged African-American youth are discussed.