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671.
Subhayu Bandyopadhyay Arnab K. Basu Nancy H. Chau Devashish Mitra 《Economic inquiry》2020,58(1):209-224
Our parsimonious two-country (developed country and developing country) model of offshoring provides nuanced results. These include cases where wages monotonically improve, as well as where wages exhibit an inverted-U relationship with offshoring cost reductions. We identify conditions under which these relationships hold. Since global welfare always rises with improvements in offshoring technology, we find that there is a role for a minimum wage (alternatively, wage tax) in the developing country. We derive such a policy's optimal level. There is also the possibility of a developed country optimal offshoring tax for extracting terms-of-trade benefits. We, finally, analyze the two-country Nash equilibrium in policies. (JEL F11, F13, F16, F66, O19, O24) 相似文献
672.
Laura Zanotti Max StephensonJr. Nancy McGehee 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2016,27(1):273-298
This case study of Rural Haitian University highlights the complexities and consequences that may arise from a combination of unpredictable streams of international funding, financial vulnerability of communities, and the strategies that civic leaders employ to mobilize resources. We argue that the encounter sketched here of local vulnerability following protracted social conflict and a major natural disaster with the international aid machinery has fostered a cycle of dependence/survival strategies in the higher education institution we examine and undermined its ability to achieve its core mission. More generally, we contend that in situations of extreme poverty and heavy international donor influence, “local ownership” may become synonymous with “local survival” unless predicated on the availability of local capacities and site-specific distribution of international resources. We propose one modest initiative to reduce the university’s dependence on international funding through the development of a sustainable tourism enterprise as a way to nurture local ownership and social capital. 相似文献
673.
674.
Kathryn J. Brasier Carolyn E. Sachs Nancy Ellen Kiernan Amy Trauger Mary E. Barbercheck 《Rural sociology》2014,79(3):283-309
The identities of women on farms are shifting as more women enter farming and identify as farmers, as reflected by the 30 percent growth in women farmers in the U.S. census of agriculture (USDA 2009). This article draws from identity theory to develop a quantitative measure of the identities of farm women. The measure incorporates multiple roles farming women may perform and weights these roles by their salience to two farm identities, farm operator and farm partner. We use a sample of women on farms (n = 810) in the northeastern United States to assess the measures of role identity in relation to reported decision‐making authority, farm tasks, and farm and individual characteristics. The findings provide a multidimensional view of farming women in the northeastern United States, a far more complex view than traditional survey research has previously captured. This research provides a measure that other researchers can use to assess the multiple and shifting identities of farming women in other sections of the United States. 相似文献
675.
Kropf NP 《Journal of gerontological social work》2012,55(4):301-303
676.
Empathy-related Responding: Associations with Prosocial Behavior, Aggression, and Intergroup Relations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Empathy-related responding, including empathy, sympathy, and personal distress, has been implicated in conceptual models and theories about prosocial behavior and altruism, aggression and antisocial behavior, and intergroup relationships. Conceptual arguments and empirical findings related to each of these topics are reviewed. In general, there is evidence that empathy and/or sympathy are important correlates of, and likely contributors to, other-oriented prosocial behavior, the inhibition of aggression and antisocial behavior, and the quality of intergroup relationships. Applied implications of these findings, including preventative studies, are discussed, as are possible future directions. 相似文献
677.
The lagging achievement of many U.S. Latinos is staggering. Latinos have the highest high school dropout rate. Further, second- and third-generation Latinos in the United States perform less well than do recent immigrants. These statistics belie the hopes and aspirations for upward mobility, a better life, and the deep value for education that are tightly held by many Latino immigrant families. Understanding this paradox between the aspirations of Latino families and their academic outcomes is the focus of this article. The experiences of Latino children in U.S. schools, the incongruence between the cultural worldviews of U.S. schools and Latino families, and the interactions and expectations for partnerships between families and schools are integrated and applied to the question of why Latino students are not reaching their potential, despite goals for achievement and significant parental sacrifice and investment. 相似文献
678.
Most survey data on sexual activities are obtained via face-to-face interviews, which are prone to misreporting of socially
unacceptable behaviors. Demographers have developed various private response methods to minimize social desirability bias
and improve the quality of reporting; however, these methods often limit the complexity of information collected. We designed
a life history calendar—the Relationship History Calendar (RHC)—to increase the scope of data collected on sexual relationships
and behavior while enhancing their quality. The RHC records detailed, 10-year retrospective information on sexual relationship
histories. The structure and interview procedure draw on qualitative techniques, which could reduce social desirability bias.
We compare the quality of data collected with the RHC with a standard face-to-face survey instrument through a field experiment
conducted among 1,275 youth in Kisumu, Kenya. The results suggest that the RHC reduces social desirability bias and improves
reporting on multiple measures, including higher rates of abstinence among males and multiple recent sexual partnerships among
females. The RHC fosters higher levels of rapport and respondent enjoyment, which appear to be the mechanisms through which
social desirability bias is minimized. The RHC is an excellent alternative to private response methods and could potentially
be adapted for large-scale surveys. 相似文献
679.
680.
Diana E. Gal‐Szabo Tracy L. Spinrad Nancy Eisenberg Michael J. Sulik 《Social Development》2019,28(1):57-73
Using data from a study of 140 preschool children (39% female), we examined the relations between direct assessments of emotion knowledge and naturalistic observations of behavior during free‐play periods, and tested parent‐ and teacher‐reported effortful control as a moderator of these relations. Basic emotion recognition was unrelated to social play and reticent behavior, whereas situational understanding of emotions (thought to be a relatively sophisticated aspect of emotion knowledge) was negatively related to reticent/uninvolved behavior and marginally positively related to social play. Effortful control significantly moderated these relations, such that situational emotion understanding was more strongly related to reticent/uninvolved behavior and social play at low levels of effortful control, and unrelated to outcomes at high levels of effortful control. These results highlight the unique role of situational understanding in predicting children’s social competence and suggest that emotion knowledge is particularly important for children who struggle with effortful regulation skills. 相似文献