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411.
The purpose of this study was to increase completion of tasks related to morning preparation procedures among 2 full-time and 4 part-time employees at a physical therapy clinic. A functional assessment was conducted to aid in the development of the treatment package consisting of graphic feedback, task clarification, and equipment manipulations. Later, graphic feedback was replaced with verbal feedback from the manager to facilitate maintenance of the intervention by the manager. During baseline, the mean checklist completion percentage was 18.4% and 56.5% for the therapy area and the hygienic activity area, respectively. This improved to 82.1% and 90.3% during the first intervention phase and remained above baseline levels at 75.6% and 100% during the second intervention phase. The results of this study suggest that the package intervention derived from the assessment was effective at increasing preparation task completion. Performance maintained above baseline levels at a three-month follow-up observation for the therapy area (50%) and the hygienic activity area (83.3%). According to the treatment acceptability assessment, graphic and verbal feedback were viewed as favorable by employees. 相似文献
412.
In the same way that individuals’ risk perceptions can influence how they behave toward risks, how organizational members make sense of risk controls is an important influence on how they apply and maintain such controls. In this article, we describe an analysis of sensemaking about the control of risk in offshore hydrocarbons production, an industry that continues to produce disasters of societal significance. A field study of 80 interviews was conducted in five offshore oil and gas companies and the agency that regulates them. The interviews were analyzed using qualitative template analysis. This provided a categorization of the many ways of acting through which informants made sense of the risk control task, and indicated that the organizations placed substantially different emphases on different ways of acting. Nevertheless, this sensemaking fell into two broad classes: that which tended to limit or be pessimistic about organizational controls, and that which tended to extend or be optimistic about organizational controls. All the participating organizations collectively placed a balanced emphasis on these two classes. We argue that this balanced sensemaking is an adaptation rather than a deliberate choice, but that it is an important element of controlling risk in its own right. 相似文献
413.
Nicole Fermon 《The Sociological quarterly》1994,35(3):431-442
I argue in this study that when Rousseau's oeuvre is read as a whole, the novels as well as the conventional texts of political theroy, it reveals a political program for reform of the ancient regime. This reform is founded on a reform of domestic mores. Rousseau's attendant conception of the relations between private and public spheres is more unified than that found in modern sociology. Rousseau shows that the domestic role of women is a structural precondition for a “modern” society.
相似文献
414.
Nicole E. Gravina Shannon Loewy Anna Rice John Austin 《Journal of Organizational Behavior Management》2013,33(1):68-76
The primary purpose of this study was to replicate and extend a study by Gravina, Austin, Schroedter, and Loewy (2008). A similar self-monitoring procedure, with the addition of self-monitoring accuracy training, was implemented to increase the percentage of observations in which participants worked in neutral postures. The accuracy training required the three participants to practice self-monitoring with the experimenter at least 20 times and to meet the criteria of 90% accuracy for the last 10 monitors. Feedback was delivered after each monitor. Two postures for each of the three participants were targeted by the intervention, and all six improved with an average effect size of 4.7 (range: 3.4 to 8.2) compared to Gravina et al., in which effect sizes averaged 1.9 (range:??.1 to 3.2). In addition, participant self-monitoring was more accurate overall (77%) when compared to Gravina et al. (44%). 相似文献
415.
Nicole Gravina John Austin Lori Schoedtder Shannon Loewy 《Journal of Organizational Behavior Management》2013,33(4):238-259
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of self-monitoring on safe positioning of individuals performing a typing task and an assembly task using a multiple baseline design across behaviors and tasks. The study took place in an analogue office setting with seven college student participants. The dependent variable was the percentage of observations scored as safe, and each session was recorded via a hidden camera. Each block of sessions included completing a typing task for two 9-minute sessions and an assembly task for two 9-minute sessions. During baseline, participants received information regarding safe positions and demonstrated the positions. In the self-monitoring phase, participants recorded whether a targeted posture was safe or at-risk. If constraints of the study permitted it, a third phase was implemented. In the third phase, if the targeted postures improved at least 20 percentage points over baseline during self-monitoring, additional behaviors were monitored. Otherwise, an overt camera condition was implemented during the third phase in addition to self-monitoring. Five of the 17 dependent variables exposed to the self-monitoring intervention resulted in substantial changes in safety performance, and an additional six behaviors resulted in a mean improvement of more than 10% from baseline to intervention. The camera present condition produced differential improvement for two of the 12 exposed postures. This information could lead to a viable alternative for improving occupational safety. 相似文献
416.
Qualitative Sociology - 相似文献
417.
Nicole J. Borges George V. Richard Ryan D. Duffy 《The Career development quarterly》2007,56(2):171-176
The authors assessed the career maturity of students in accelerated versus traditional academic programs. Students in traditional programs were hypothesized to be more advanced regarding their career decision making and development when compared with students in accelerated programs. The Medical Career Development Inventory (see M. L. Savickas, 1984) was administered to 441 medical students. Results showed that students in traditional programs had significantly greater career crystallization and career specification. Interventions are needed to further the career maturity and developmental tasks of students in accelerated programs. 相似文献
418.
Marwell Nicole P. 《Voluntas: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations》2002,13(3):319-321
VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations - 相似文献
419.
It is a common experience that attempts to mitigate a risk lead to new risks, and that risks formerly thought to be of one kind become another kind as technical knowledge evolves. This phenomenon of risk migration suggests that we should take processes over time, rather than specific risks or specific technologies, as a unit of analysis. Several of our existing models of the social management of risks-such as that of social risk amplification-are process models of a kind but are still oriented around the playing out of a particular event or issue. A case study of risk in a group of flame-retardant compounds was used as the basis of a grounded, exploratory analysis of migration processes, the phenomena that influence them, and their consequences. This illustrated how migration naturally occurs from risks that are understood, in which risk bearers have at least some agency, to risks that are not understood and not capable of being influenced by risk bearers. It illustrated how the simultaneous improvement in measuring technology, which detects potential toxins at increasingly small concentrations, combines with intuitive models that ignore concentration to produce conditions likely to generate anxiety. And it illustrated how pressure groups and commercial interests exploit this effect. It also showed how migration makes precautionary action problematic, and how more generally it tends to undermine a society's capacity to cope with risk. 相似文献
420.
Estimating the reliability of repeatedly measured endpoints based on linear mixed‐effects models. A tutorial 下载免费PDF全文
Wim Van der Elst Geert Molenberghs Ralf‐Dieter Hilgers Geert Verbeke Nicole Heussen 《Pharmaceutical statistics》2016,15(6):486-493
There are various settings in which researchers are interested in the assessment of the correlation between repeated measurements that are taken within the same subject (i.e., reliability). For example, the same rating scale may be used to assess the symptom severity of the same patients by multiple physicians, or the same outcome may be measured repeatedly over time in the same patients. Reliability can be estimated in various ways, for example, using the classical Pearson correlation or the intra‐class correlation in clustered data. However, contemporary data often have a complex structure that goes well beyond the restrictive assumptions that are needed with the more conventional methods to estimate reliability. In the current paper, we propose a general and flexible modeling approach that allows for the derivation of reliability estimates, standard errors, and confidence intervals – appropriately taking hierarchies and covariates in the data into account. Our methodology is developed for continuous outcomes together with covariates of an arbitrary type. The methodology is illustrated in a case study, and a Web Appendix is provided which details the computations using the R package CorrMixed and the SAS software. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献