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排序方式: 共有487条查询结果,搜索用时 312 毫秒
71.
Yélé Maweki Batana 《Social indicators research》2013,112(2):337-362
Since the seminal work of Sen, poverty has been recognized as a multidimensional phenomenon. The recent availability of relevant databases renewed the interest in this approach. This paper estimates multidimensional poverty among women in fourteen Sub-Saharan African countries using the Alkire and Foster multidimensional poverty measures, whose identification method is based on a counting approach. Four dimensions are considered: assets, health, schooling and empowerment. The results show important differences in poverty among the countries of the sample. The multidimensional poverty estimates are compared with some alternative measures such as the Human Development Index, income poverty, asset poverty and the Gender-related Development Index. It is found that including additional dimensions into the analysis leads to country rankings different from those obtained with the mentioned four measures. Decompositions by geographical area and dimension indicate that rural areas are significantly poorer than urban ones and that a lack of schooling is, in general, the highest contributor to poverty. The paper also conducts robustness and sensitivity analyses of the multidimensional estimates with respect to the number of dimensions in which deprivation is required in order to be considered poor, as well as to the poverty lines within each dimension. Several cases of dominance between countries are found in the first robustness test. 相似文献
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In this paper an empirical model is presented thataccounts for adaptation behavior in self-reports onlife-satisfaction. The model is used to determinepreference drift – adaptation to income levels – inlife-satisfaction. With preference drift, the effectof income on life satisfaction varies with the levelof life satisfaction. It is found that preferencedrift mainly occurs among individuals with a highlevel of life-satisfaction. 相似文献
76.
Joëlle Darwiche Anne Milek Jean-Philippe Antonietti Yvan Vial 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2019,32(2):e264-e271
Background
Pregnancy after infertility is a challenging experience. The first-trimester screening test may add stress. Partner support reduces psychological distress in pregnant women after spontaneous conception. No data are available for women who conceive via assisted reproductive technology.Aim
To assess whether there was a difference between couples who underwent assisted reproductive technology and couples who conceived spontaneously in the support they felt they provided to their partner and whether their perception of support received from their partner reduced their distress.Methods
This longitudinal prospective study included 52 women (spontaneous conception) and 53 women (assisted reproductive technology), as well as their partners. Participants completed the state scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Edinburgh Depression Scale, and two partner-support subscales of the Dyadic Coping Inventory: before prenatal testing (gestational age 12 weeks), immediately after receiving the results (gestational age of approximately 14 weeks), and once all the prenatal screenings had been completed (gestational age 22 weeks).Findings
Women who underwent assisted reproductive technology felt less able to help their partner cope with stress and felt their partner was less able to help them cope with stress than women with spontaneous pregnancy. This difference was not observed in men. Higher perceived partner support lowered the anxiety and depression of couples who conceived spontaneously, but did not benefit couples who followed fertility treatment.Conclusion
These results add to our knowledge of the emotional state of women and their partners during pregnancy after infertility. This knowledge may allow prenatal care providers to offer specialized counselling to women and their partners in the transition from infertility to parenthood. 相似文献77.
Impact of the 1999 East Marmara Earthquake in Turkey 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper studies responses to the 1999 Marmara Earthquake (Turkey) in which 18,000 people died, 50,000 people were injured, there were 5,000 building collapses and 340,000 damaged buildings, 14,513 businesses closed, 150,000 people became unemployed, and 129,338 were forced to live in prefabricated houses. This research is based on a survey comprising 500 interviews carried out a year after the earthquake. Responsible behavior as the dependent variable is statistically tested with several socio-demographic and attitude variables. The findings indicate social solidarity, knowledge, basic needs, desire for change and psychological status of the disaster survivors were all adversely affected. It was observed that education, employment, social security, knowledge and fatalism have varying impacts on responsible behavior related to preparedness for future earthquakes. 相似文献
78.
In this paper a model of life satisfactionmeasurement is formulated to calculatehappiness interdependencies. The model isapplied to estimate the spill-over effects ofmigraine headache on well-being. It is foundthat women are more compassionate thanmen. The results also show that ignoringhappiness interdependencies of migraineheadache underestimates the effects of migraineheadache on well-being. 相似文献
79.
Ruben Durante Louis Putterman Joël van der Weele 《Journal of the European Economic Association》2014,12(4):1059-1086
We conduct a laboratory experiment to study how demand for redistribution of income depends on self‐interest, insurance motives, and social concerns relating to inequality and efficiency. Our choice environments feature large groups of subjects and real‐world framing, and differ with respect to the source of inequality (earned or arbitrary), the cost of taxation to the decision maker, the dead‐weight loss of taxation, uncertainty about own pretax income, and whether the decision maker is affected by redistribution. We estimate utility weights for the different sources of demand for redistribution, with the potential to inform modeling in macroeconomics and political economy 相似文献
80.
Joël Laillier 《Sociologie du Travail》2011,53(4):493
The commitment to one's work, with body and soul involvement is a key issue in the study of vocation-driven occupations. In such callings, the aspirations that are socially constructed and experienced as vocations have been shown to provide meaning and direction to one's commitment. However, this study of Paris Opera ballet dancers shows that realizing one's aspirations are impossible to achieve does not necessarily result in quitting, nor retraining. Changes in the way dancers relate to their work are studied using sequential analysis, to examine which social factors may explain how this involvement's meaning is maintained. The analysis identifies some processes of vocation recomposition. Thus revealing, behind the professional careers, the “moral careers” of the vocation. 相似文献