请不要把我忘记吧

放弃一个很爱你的人,并不痛苦。放弃一个你很爱的人,那才痛苦。爱上一个不爱你的人,那是更痛苦。／花言草语·《请不要把我忘记吧》·清晰想念一个人,想到自己强迫去忘记,这是多么美丽的情感呢。可是,这样的话,会不会容易想着想着就忘记了呢?素调的十八岁只有一个记忆,那就是顾南北。那真是一个水样的年纪,整个学校没有人不知道素调,她挺拔,纤细,走路的时候带那么一点点外八字,这是芭蕾舞给予她良好气质之外的一点美中不     

日本的少数民族集团

在日本的一亿零九百万国民中,约有二百万从前称作贱民的部落民,近一百万冲绳人和大约五十万虽然拥有日本的公民身份,但是由于种种理由受到日本的主体民族歧视的其他少数民族。后者包括北海道的阿伊努人;原子弹爆炸幸存下来的“被爆者”;新入籍的外国人,主要是朝鲜裔的“归化人”;以及传统上被视为处于边缘地位的几种非贱民职业的操业人。除本国国民之外,日本还有大约一百万外国侨民,其中大部分是朝鲜人,也包括为数可观的中国人和美国人,以及微不足道的其他国家公民。     

第三世界的社会学前景

根据我的观察,在现代社会学研究中,非高等学府的研究途径在不利的政治情况下起着真正的主导作用,如巴西的研究和计划中心、秘鲁的研究学会、委内瑞拉的发展研究中心和阿根廷的迪特亚研究所等,它们从经验中产生了基本观点和一般理论,例如依附论、生产论、剥削论、动乱论、研究一行动论。无论是在正统的高等学府的继承人中,还是在新的、活跃的马克思主义团体中,这些观点和理论都引起了关于社会科学及其在当代的作用的争论。我们的社会问题是明显的。认识这些问题的类型,不需要准确的统计证明和进行大规模的调查,     

由混合经济走向协作经济

我们坚信,斯堪的纳维亚国家的社会经济发展趋势不仅仅在于由市场经济迈向混合经济。近几十年来,由混合经济向协作经济的转变取得了重大突破。协作经济这一概念的形成和发展只是针对斯堪的纳维亚而言的,迄今它也只是在这一地区得到广泛传播。     

Population momentum: A wider definition

Summary Keyfitz has derived an elegant formula for estimating the ultimate size of an initially stable, growing population that abruptly reduces its fertility to replacement level. Reduction of fertility is achieved by the rather unrealistic device of dividing the original age schedule nffertility rates by the net reproduction rate. Only the inertia of the age distribution is thus accounted for, but not that of the fertility schedule. The key idea of an abrupt imposition of a fixed regimen capable in the long run of generating zero population growth may be retained, but the regimen made more realistic. By elaborating the population setting, such disparate ZPG regimens as reduction of marital fertility by contraception, delayed and/or less universal marriage, raised mortality risks, or permanent net out-migration may be formulated. Convergence of the populaton to stationarity becomes a two-phase process: a primary adjustment period of changing fertility rates followed by a period of age adjustment. The present paper treats what happens when a fixed ZPG sterilization regimen, defined by a minimum age of sterilization γ and constant continuous risk φ of sterilization among unsterilized wives aged γ to β, is imposed abruptly (or else progressively over an interval T) upon an initially stable, growing population. Additional sources of residual growth are: (1) the nine-month lag in sterilization effect owing to pregnancy: (2) the more youthful pattern of child-bearing under sterilization: (3) the extra adjustment period (of length β-γ-0.75) of changing fertility rates; and (4) any delays in exposing elements of the population to the sterilization regimen. Two questions are pursued. First, how important are the additional sources of residual growth? Secondly, how do their relative sizes vary as a function of the characteristics of the initial population?     

创造的价值方面

创造、以及在创造过程中观察到的这样一些独特现象,如预先推定、豁然贯通、灵感等等,在许多方面都得到了研究。无论是指对创造概念和创造过程的现象作哲学分析,还是指对创造问题进行个别学科(心理学、社会学等等)的研究,都可以这么说。仍然有争议的是具有重大