“公地悲剧”理论模型视野中的小规模攻击性突发事件

“公地悲剧”是描述个体理性导致集体非理性的一种理论模型,这种理论被广泛应用于分析公共池塘资源的供给不良之中。2010年发生于我国的多次校园杀童事件作为小规模攻击性事件的典型代表,其中存在两种公地悲剧发生的机制。由于小规模攻击性突发事件具有不同于群体性危机事件、自然灾害性危机事件的特点,在其防御与控制机制上也存在一定的特殊性。     

Intergenerational Ties in Context: Grandparents Caring for Grandchildren in China

Guided by theories and empirical research on intergenerational relationships, we examine the phenomenon of grandparents caring for grandchildren in contemporary China. Using a longitudinal dataset (China Health and Nutrition Survey), we document a high level of structural and functional solidarity in grandparent-grandchildren relationships. Intergenerational solidarity is indicated by a high rate of coresidence between grandchildren and grandparents, a sizable number of skipped-generation households (no parent present), extensive childcare involvement by non-coresidential grandparents, and a large amount of care provided by coresidential grandparents. Multivariate analysis further suggests that grandparents' childcare load is adaptive to familial needs, as reflected by the characteristics of the household, household members, and work activities of the mothers.     

企业学分制培训的导入

松下幸之助曾经说过":一个天才的企业家总是不失时机地把对职员的培养和训练摆上重要的议事日程。"在知识更新速度愈来愈快的今天,培训已成为企业培育团队凝聚力,提高员工个人技能的必备法宝。在培训方法、手段不断推陈出新的今天,一种以鼓励员工自主学习的培训模式——学分制培训出现了。     

谈劳动惩戒的法律适用

在实施劳动仲裁,或调解、协商,或司法审判时我们发现,我国现行的法律、法规和政策,在劳动惩戒制度的立法立规中,漏洞较大,矛盾重重。立法的缺陷必然带来法律适用的混乱。同一类性质的争议往往出现完全相反的裁决判决。不同的单位处理同样的问题有完全不同的结果。最终损害到劳动法及劳动争议裁判文书的严肃性与权威性。为此,有必要对我国劳动惩戒制度的政策、法律、法规等作一个梳理。我国劳动惩戒制度的有关规定政务院1954年制定并颁布了《国营企业内部劳动规则纲要》(1954年5月6日政务院第二百一十五次政务会议通过,1954年7月14日公布)。…     

Privileged policies versus lack of care and engagement: the lives of retired veteran cadres in a residential community of Jinan Municipal Party Committee,China

Abstract

The Retirement System for Veteran Cadres (Lixiu) is one part of China’s dual-track retirement system. According to some official policies, retired veteran cadres should enjoy a number of privileges in terms of pension, health care, use of government vehicle, housing and peculiar political rights. Based on participant observation and semi-structured interview, the study looks into the life of the population in a residential community of Jinan Municipal Party Committee, Shandong Province. By incorporating Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, the study finds that in China, services for retired cadres still fall short of the expectations of policy. Establishment of ‘big communities’ with the idea of ageing-in-place is suggested.     

Family Structure and Quality of Life of Elders in Rural China: The Role of the New Rural Social Pension

Using data from a survey in Ankang district of Shaanxi province of China in 2011, this article examines the protective effect of the New Rural Social Pension (NRSP) on quality of life of rural elders, as well the moderating effect on association between family structure and quality of life. An instrumental variable approach is used. NRSP is shown to significantly improve the quality of life of rural elders, and a robustness check shows that this effect is consistent across different sets of subgroups. Compared with the elders who have at least one son, the quality of life of those who are childless or have only one child is significantly lower. The NRSP is more likely to significantly improve the quality of life of one-child elders. In addition, the associations between the NRSP and the different facets of quality of life of the elders are significant except for the facet of sensory abilities.     

青年白领的育儿压力与教养期望

子女养育问题是青年人面临的主要压力之一。对上海青年白领的育儿行为和压力调查发现,青年白领父母重视子女的教育投资和择校筹谋,重视子女的社会适应性和竞争力培养,对子女的生活幸福期望高于事业期望。育儿压力并非来自于实际承担的照料责任,而是源于自身生存压力的投射,以及对子女成为"快乐精英"的教养期望。     

Skew-normal factor analysis models with incomplete data

Traditional factor analysis (FA) rests on the assumption of multivariate normality. However, in some practical situations, the data do not meet this assumption; thus, the statistical inference made from such data may be misleading. This paper aims at providing some new tools for the skew-normal (SN) FA model when missing values occur in the data. In such a model, the latent factors are assumed to follow a restricted version of multivariate SN distribution with additional shape parameters for accommodating skewness. We develop an analytically feasible expectation conditional maximization algorithm for carrying out parameter estimation and imputation of missing values under missing at random mechanisms. The practical utility of the proposed methodology is illustrated with two real data examples and the results are compared with those obtained from the traditional FA counterparts.     

展览公司跨国合资动因探讨——以广州光亚法兰克福展览公司为例

以案例研究法为主要研究方法,以广州光亚法兰克福展览公司为研究对象,研究中外展览公司的合资动因。研究发现,中方展览公司的合资动因有:解决资金问题,引进国际资源,巩固竞争优势,实现规模效应,学习先进管理,扩大业务范围;外方展览公司的合资动因包括:开拓中国展览市场,完成全球战略布局,分散海外投资风险,利用"东道国优势",利用中国政策优惠。其中,中外双方各自拥有资源的高度互补性是双方合资的最主要因素。