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991.
Maria Francesca Cracolici Miranda Cuffaro Peter Nijkamp 《Statistical Methods and Applications》2009,18(2):275-291
Using spatial econometric models, this paper focuses attention on the spatial structure of provincial unemployment disparities
of Italian provinces for the year 2003. On the basis of findings from the economic literature and of the available socio-economic
data, various model specifications including supply- and demand-side variables are tested. Further we use ESDA analysis as
equivalent to integration analysis on time series; therefore it is applied on each variable, dependent and independent, involved
in the statistical model. The suggestions of ESDA lead us to the most adequate statistical model, which estimates indicate
that there is a significant degree of neighbouring effect (i.e. positive spatial correlation) among labour markets at the
provincial level in Italy; this effect is present notwithstanding we controlled for local characteristics. The unemployment
shows a polarized spatial pattern that is strongly connected to labour demand and to a much lesser extent to the share of
young population and economic structural composition. 相似文献
992.
Patricia van Hemert Peter Nijkamp Jolanda Verbraak 《Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research》2009,22(4):443-464
Knowledge is gaining increasing importance in modern-day society as a factor of production and, ultimately, growth. This article explores the dynamics in university knowledge production and its effect on the state of university–industry–policy exchange in the Netherlands. Science systems are said to be in transformation. The university has evolved from performing conventional research and educational functions to serving as an innovation-promoting knowledge hub; dynamics that have received mixed reactions. The social sciences and humanities (SSH) take a special position, insofar as their focus seems primarily to be placed on conventional research and educational functions, and not directly on (commercial) valorization. Societal changes are, however, pressing for a reconsideration of the role of SSH. In our article, we distinguish between three important new movements that seem to be affecting SSH. It is believed that these movements, which are already having an impact today, will considerably influence SSH in the future. These developments are further differentiation, synthesis between the various subdisciplines of SSH and the natural sciences, and shifts in paradigms. The aims of this article are twofold: (1) to assess what is believed to be the most likely development of SSH by means of discovering relevant subsets of factors influencing university knowledge production; and (2) to discover whether the knowledge production factors show characteristics of a general development similar to the “Mode 2” concept. A systematic qualitative database was created by means of 22 semi-structured personal interviews with key representatives from business, university and the policy sector. Our explanatory framework employs an artificial intelligence method, i.e. rough set analysis. On the basis of these results, we find that a small minority of the respondents prefers a closer relationship of SSH to society, government and industry, and other institutional centers of authority, whilst interdisciplinarity in particular is regarded as having an overall positive influence on the future of SSH in the Netherlands. Consequently, the idea of a clear distinction between Mode 1 and Mode 2 knowledge production, i.e. traditional knowledge and knowledge carried out in the context of application, is not supported by our data. 相似文献
993.
Peter J. Behrens 《The American Sociologist》2009,40(3):214-227
Modern American culture has seen a proliferation of radio and television personalities associated with talk therapy and advice-giving
within the last 20 years (Epstein Psychology Today 34:5 2001). The origin of radio psychology, however, is the late 1920’s, when radio began to air many promoters of psychology in the
context of “public service” programming. Among these individuals were Louis Monash, Arthur Payne, and, perhaps most importantly,
Joseph Jastrow. Traditionally-trained psychologists used the new medium of radio in the service of education and adjustment.
This article surveys radio psychology, its personalities, and topics in the inter-war period and proposes the significant
social support role that radio psychology played during the Great Depression, much as modern talk radio does today (Ricks
1984). 相似文献
994.
Andy Ross Ingrid Schoon Peter Martin Amanda Sacker 《Journal of marriage and the family》2009,71(1):1-14
The aim of this paper is to examine variations in the combination of social roles during times of social change. We specify a latent class approach to examine role configurations for individuals in their early 30s, establishing a typology of how work‐ and family‐related roles combine within individuals born 12 years apart and examine their antecedents. Drawing on data collected for two British Birth Cohorts born in 1958 (N = 10,706) and 1970 (N = 11,005), we provide empirical evidence of both consistency and change in life course patterns. Findings are discussed in terms of destandardization, differentiation, and individualization of the life course in times of social change and their implications for family research within a life course perspective. 相似文献
995.
Lynn A. Blewett Peter Graven Jeanette Ziegenfuss Michael Davern 《Journal of Labor Research》2009,30(4):296-316
Health insurance coverage continues to be an important benefit of employment and employer-sponsored insurance is the most
prominent form of health coverage in the US. We examine trends in both employer and employee contributions to the costs of
health insurance premium between 2002 and 2005 and assess these contributions relative to changes in worker wages. We do this
for the US overall and for the 50 states plus the District of Columbia. We found a significant increase of 15.5% in the share
of total compensation going toward health benefits (from 12.3–14.2%) for workers with individual coverage and an increase
of 13.5% (from 20.6–23.4%) for workers with family coverage. Wages over this time period decreased 3.0% for workers with individual
coverage and increased 0.8% for workers with family coverage. 相似文献
996.
997.
Entering the debate over segmented assimilation, this paper seeks to refocus discussion on a core, but neglected claim: that inter-group disparities among immigrant offspring derive from differences in a contextual feature shared by immigrant and immigrant descendants: a nationality's mode of incorporation. The paper engages in both theoretical and empirical assessment. We critically examine the concept of mode of incorporation, demonstrating that its operational implications have not been correctly understood; consequently, the core hypothesis has never been appropriately tested. The second part of the paper implements those tests, making use of the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Survey. We do so by using nationality as a proxy for mode of incorporation, systematically contrasting more advantaged against less advantaged nationalities. We show: (a) that tests systematically varying modes classified as more or less advantageous yield inconsistent outcomes; (b) that positive or negative modes of incorporation are associated with few long-lasting effects; (c) that differences in governmental reception are particularly unlikely to be associated with interethnic disparities; and (d) that compared to theoretically relevant nationalities, neither Mexicans, a nationality assigned to a negative mode of incorporation, nor pre-Mariel Cubans, a nationality assigned to positive mode of incorporation, prove distinctive. 相似文献
998.
999.
全球商业革命、瀑布效应以及中国企业面临的挑战 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
20世纪末发生的全球商业革命具有三大特征:一是在跨国公司重组并购浪潮中所形成的高度产业集中.二是由核心公司对其所在价值链所进行的“系统集成”的管理手段,三是在系统集成过程中所产生的对价值链各个层面的巨大的集约压力,即所谓的“瀑布效应”。文章通过对航空工业和饮料业两个截然不同的产业的案例分析来显示这几个特征的普遍性。这些变化对正在步入世界商业体系的中国企业带来了巨大的挑战。 相似文献
1000.
Allison Williams Bill Holden Peter Krebs Nazeem Muhajarine Kate Waygood James Randall Cara Spence 《Social indicators research》2008,85(1):111-125
There is a growing interest in quality of life as an integrated approach to addressing key social, environmental and economic
determinants of health. The University of Saskatchewan’s Community-University Institute for Social Research, funded by the
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (grant #410-2004-0669) has examined the process and results of a multi-stakeholder
approach to the ongoing sustainability of Saskatoon, Canada as a healthy city with an improving and a more equitably distributed
quality of life. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis, together with GIS technology, this research has examined the
quality of life across three locales in Saskatoon—representing Low, Middle and High socio-economic status in both 2001 and
2004. The participatory action research approach used in this work ensures the value of the outputs to the stakeholders. Given
the strong recognition of the importance of interfacing policy, research and community, and the growing impatience with the
limited application of research findings to social and health practices and policies, this project has undertaken four major
knowledge translation/transfer strategies, above and beyond the traditional academic channels: (1) engagement of local media
on a consistent basis, (2) implementing community policy forums to ensure continued community readiness and uptake, (3) facilitation
of and successful functioning of a steering committee, and (4) employment of an action researcher to operate as a policy entrepreneur.
This paper will review and discuss each of these strategies and outline the evaluative research being done to document the
success of these strategies.
相似文献
Cara SpenceEmail: |