深化与挑战:欧盟东扩及其走向分析

欧盟东扩极大地促进了欧洲一体化的深化,集中表现在欧盟超国家组织权限的进一步拓展以及多数表决制应用范围的扩大.但扩大对于深化又具有一定程度的否定性,东扩因此又对一体化的深化带来了部分挑战:其一是新成员国的加入将增加一体化的整合成本与难度;其二是东扩推动下的部分制度变革将会对一体化的深化带来一定的负面影响.然而东扩带来的挑战并不完全意味着一体化深化进程的停滞与终结,否定本身又孕育着推动一体化深化的新条件.     

论实践思维

实践是人类特有的生存状态和存在方式,而思维方式是以理论形式表达的人的生存状态与存在方式.随着人类社会实践的发展,以人的全面发展为核心的时代课题已经提出,马克思创立的实践思维方式,由于自觉地表现着人类实践的本性,将会得到普遍的接受和不断的发展.探讨实践思维,在当前处理和解答以人的全面发展为核心的时代课题和全面建设小康社会的实践过程中,具有重要的意义.     

INNOVACQ: Serials control at Boalt Hall

Many changes in the Law School Library have occurred during this past year because of INNOVACQ. Within the Serials/Acquisitions Section, almost all the routines and procedures have been radically redefined to allow for the computerization of serials control. There have been some staff reassignments and shifts in responsibility, and in most instances, old tasks and manual file maintenance have been done away with completely and replaced by work at a VDT. Naturally, the impact of INNOVACQ has also been felt in the Cataloging Section, and the instant availability of serials check-in and routing information in public services has certainly added a level of service that was never possible before. In addition, the immediate and up-to-date fiscal information has been a boon for both the library's collection development officers and the Library administration.Various staff members throughout the year have been working to clean up and upgrade different parts of the serials files and to add or exchange better information in a number of fields in each record. Past payment history has been keyed into over 2/3 of the records in the file. The records for all the loose-leaf services contracted for by the Library are not fully online.All the records for our California documents have been edited and check-in cards have been created for this large and obviously important part of the file. Conversion of the U.S. documents which had been deferred at the very beginning of the fiscal year, has begun and most entries now can be checked-in and claimed online.All invoices (both serials and monographs) for this fiscal year have been processed on INNOVACQ, and while there are still some vendor and fund anomalies, Boalt has better, more comprehensive — and certainly more accurate — financial records than ever before.A massive editing and claiming project has recently gotten under way. All titles on INNOVACQ are being checked against the shelf list to make sure that all the bibliographic elements in each record are in sync and are presented in a standard, retrievable (punctuation and spacing count in INNOVACQ) format. Routine claiming (as part of serials check-in) has been in place for some time now, and that activity was begun when that feature was delivered. A second part of the editing project, is however, to get the thousands of blank boxes out of the check-in screens where they will remain as claimable items until some sort of purging action is taken. The files are now being gone through (a simple command in INNOVACQ can allow one to review every check-in record in the system), our holdings are being checked on the shelves, and decisions to claim or replace the missing pieces are being made. We anticipate that this editing/ claiming project will take approximately half a year.The INNOVACQ system was pretty exciting when we first saw it demonstrated, and we were eager then to incorporate it into our technical processing activities here at Boalt. If anything, our enthusiasm has grown as the capabilities of INNOVACQ have been realized. Enhancement and refinement — some at our prompting, others by the design staff at Innovative Interfaces — over the past year have resulted in what we believe to be the most comprehensive and easy-to-use serials control system available. Our confidence was manifested when we shifted all of our acquisitions activities from RLIN to INNOVAQ at the beginning of our fiscal year in mid-1984.Many tasks remain for the Law Library in making the best use of the INNOVACQ system. The rapid acceptance by the public service staff and users has been heartening, and the continuing work to clean up the Serials Records has proven fruitful. System performance and maintenance have been outstanding, and we are excited about various possibilities for future growth. It has not been a simple nor uncomplicated process, but the gains realized by the Law library have been substantial.     

新生代农民工市民化现状及影响因素分析

新生代农民工市民化是十二五时期推进我国城镇化发展的重要方面。首先,在已有研究的基础上,通过建立一个包括8个二级指标和9个三级指标的市民化水平分析指数,并利用等权重的办法对每个指标赋予相同的权重,复合出新生代农民工市民化水平这一变量,并计算出目前我国的新生代农民工处于中市民化阶段;进而对影响新生代农民工市民化水平的微观因素进行了探讨。回归结果表明,新生代农民工的性别、年龄、是否具有务农经验、是否是独生子女对于市民化水平有显著的影响;而家庭因素,如打工期间是否与家人同住、父亲是否在外打工对新生代农民工的市民化水平的影响并不显著;新生代农民工主观认知层面的自评经济状况好坏以及对城市的归属感是影响其市民化水平的显著变量。     

家庭变迁背景下的中国家庭政策

在人口转变和经济社会变迁的过程中,中国家庭规模不断缩小、家庭结构逐渐简化、传统家庭功能趋于弱化。这对维系社会正常运作的各项社会政策带来巨大冲击,并由此将家庭政策的完善与改革提上议程。尽管改革开放以来,中国的家庭政策在影响人口发展、提供家庭保障和促进性别平等等方面有所建树,但仍未脱离含蓄型和补缺型模式的囿限。文章认为,中国的家庭政策体系应实现向明确型和发展型转变。首先应创建专门的家庭政策机构,在此基础上明确将家庭整体作为基本的福利对象、以发展家庭能力为目标进行家庭投资、推进家庭政策的适度普惠性,并尽量避免其他政策安排与家庭政策的相互制约乃至冲突。     

突发事件中的国家-社会关系——上海基层社区“抗非”考察

对中国城市基层治理的探讨,大多得出“强国家、弱社会”的结论,其议题亦无涉居民切身利益,无法为“强势国家”提供有力佐证。本研究以上海社区“抗非”动员为背景,观察突发事件中的国家-社会关系。调查发现,上海的“抗非”工作几乎都由国家主导,居民仅被动配合,自发参与度极其有限。在具体策略上,国家一方面透过主流媒体的调控,掌握“议题建构”渠道;另一方面则借助社区建设的配合,节制“社会参与”渠道,从而在因对突发事件的过程中,强化了国家的合法性和掌控力,构筑了“国强社弱”的制度格局。     

城乡金融资源非均衡对我国城乡收入差距影响的实证分析

按照现代金融发展理论,金融资源对促进区域经济发展和居民收入增长十分重要。文章在对我国城乡金融资源非均衡配置影响城乡收入差距的描述性分析基础上,运用城乡金融资源非均衡等指标,实证分析了城乡金融资源非均衡配置对我国城乡收入差距的影响。结果显示,我国农村金融资源严重匮乏,农村金融资源未能有效促进农民收入增长,城乡金融资源非均衡配置导致我国城乡收入差距不断扩大。     

论精神优势建设

精神优势是人类社会健康全面发展的重要因素。在现代社会,精神优势不但是一个国家强盛繁荣的重要表征,也是一个社会顺利转型、保持优先地位的重要保证。在世界各国不断重视精神文化力量和作用的背景下,建设社会主义精神优势意义重大。同时,中国的社会转型和转型中的精神状态要求我们重视和建设精神优势;重视和熔铸精神优势也是思想政治教育的题中应有之义。努力探索和实现社会主义固有的精神文化优势,是我国实现伟大的民族复兴和繁荣强盛强有力的保证。