探索岩石学教学新模式的思路

近年来 ,加强野外实践教学已成为地质类课程教学改革的重要方面和发展趋势。在武汉地区建立地质学国家理科基地岩石学课程野外实践教学基地具有地质现象典型、岩石类型齐全、旅游资源丰富、文化内涵深厚、交通方便、离学校近、工作基础好等得天独厚的条件 ,有利于探索课堂教学、实验室教学和野外教学三结合的教学新模式。     

当代进化论

一、蔡尔德、怀特、斯图尔德在文化进化论几乎完全黯然失色的四十年左右期间中,有些人类学家却还在进化论的传统中工作。其中最著名的可能是美国人类学家怀特、斯图尔德和英国著名考古学家蔡尔德。在一些技术性的考古著作中和较普及的论述中(《人类创造本身》1941、《历史发生了什么》1946)蔡尔德利用考古学提供的资料论证,人类历史中某些引人注目的技术进步(植物的培植、动物的驯化、灌溉农业、冶金术的发明等等)引起了人类文化生活整个结构的变     

混合婚及法裔加拿大人同化于操英语加拿大多数民族的问题

据统计,魁北克以外的许多法裔加拿大人正在同化于以英语为母语的社区。依据加拿大人口普查资料,在加拿大9个主要操英语的省份中,很多以法语为母语的人报告说:他们在家中已经不以法国为主要用语了。1981年人口普查确认了这种情况并且证明主要以英语为母语的9个省份中有6个省份     

美国印第安人政治经济和政治民族的适应与认同

毫无疑问,将来仍然有人试图以戏剧性的和象征性的炫耀行为来促进印第安人的团结。泛印第安主义仍是被分割的和不集中的政治运动,而由于泛印第安政治思想中的民族飞地已消除,有些部落仍处于相对自治的地位。此外,住在保留地和不住在保留地(或者说有地位和没有地位)的印第安人之间的共同利益很不清楚。这些现实情况都是对维持整体的挑战,它们也可以部分地说明,在其他一些国     

越南的叶坚族

叶坚族有 Die、Yeh、Dram、Langya、Brilar 和 Jeh Derale 等多个称谓,这些族称有时用来称呼整个民族或其中某一部分。了解这个与世隔绝的、尚未开化的民族,对于在他们中间进行活动是很有必要的。而且,有关叶坚族的准确资料对各种宗教和慈善事     

1984年奥尔巴尼学术讨论会论文专辑 序言:走向二十一世纪的美国民族和种族

本专辑所汇集的论文,乃是1984年4月6—7日纽约州立大学在奥尔巴恺举行的“二十世纪后25年的民族和种族讨论会”的学术成果。此次讨论会的中心议题是探讨本世纪中期以来美国民族和种族的发展变化情况,并着眼其迈向本世纪末的轨道。     

Staying strong: gender ideologies among African-American adolescents and the implications for HIV/STI prevention

This paper explores adolescents' definitions of what it means to be a man and a woman, the psycho-social context surrounding the formation of gender ideologies and their relationship to HIV/STI prevention. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with fifty African-American adolescents living in Baltimore, Maryland. Female gender ideologies included economic independence, emotional strength and caretaking. Male gender ideologies emphasized financial responsibility, toughness and sexual prowess. Findings suggest that stronger adherence to male gender ideologies related to toughness and sexual prowess is influenced by male participants' perceived inability to fulfill their primary gender role as economic providers and the importance of gaining approval from male peers in the absence of adult male role models. Stronger adherence to female gender ideologies related to emotional strength and caretaking may be linked to a heightened desire for male intimacy and tolerance of male sexual risk behavior. Implications of the gender ideologies documented and their commonalities are discussed in terms of HIV/STI prevention.     

Designing out vulnerability, building in respect: violence, safety and sex work policy

One recent finding about the prostitution market is the differences in the extent and nature of violence experienced between women who work on the street and those who work from indoor sex work venues. This paper brings together extensive qualitative fieldwork from two cities in the UK to unpack the intricacies in relation to violence and safety for indoor workers. Firstly, we document the types of violence women experience in indoor venues noting how the vulnerabilities surrounding work-based hazards are dependent on the environment in which sex is sold. Secondly, we highlight the protection strategies that indoor workers and management develop to maintain safety and order in the establishment. Thirdly, we use these empirical findings to suggest that violence should be a high priority on the policy agenda. Here we contend that the organizational and cultural conditions that seem to offer some protection from violence in indoor settings could be useful for informing the management of street sex work. Finally, drawing on the crime prevention literature, we argue that it is possible to go a considerable way to designing out vulnerability in sex work, but not only through physical and organizational change but building in respect for sex workers rights by developing policies that promote the employment/human rights and citizenship for sex workers. This argument is made in light of the Coordinated Prostitution Strategy.     

Trustworthiness in evaluation practice: an emphasis on the relational

As canons for trustworthiness developed explicitly in the discourse of qualitative inquiry, the emphasis was on procedural matters rather than fundamentally relational ones. A nod was made to the relational in such strategies as “member checks” but the issues of how the evaluator actually relates to participants and to the larger communities of practice and discourse—matters subsumed under moral principles and ethical standards—were often marginalized. This chapter posits that the first consideration in designing and conducting rigorous evaluation inquiry, and in critiquing the results of any research, should be the study's trustworthiness. Judging a study's trustworthiness, however, should focus on much more than procedural matters; it should also rely on moral principles and ethical standards which specifically address how we relate to an evaluation's participants. Central to these considerations are cross-cultural sensibilities about the nuanced meanings associated with any principles and standards. The chapter provides a theoretical framework for this position and offers two illustrative examples in the form of dialogues.     

Gambling and Alcohol Use: Trends in the State of New Mexico from 1996–1998

Alcohol consumption and its relationship to gambling was examined in a statewide New Mexico survey in 1996 and 1998. Data regarding both drinking habits and gambling behavior were obtained from a stratified random sample of the adult population (N = 2674) across the entire State of New Mexico via phone survey. These surveys were carried out shortly after a period when New Mexico experienced an initial surge in the legalized gaming industry. Fifty-seven percent of survey respondents reported drinking in the past month, while 43.1% reported no drinking in the past 30 days. Results show that while the number of days in the past 30 that a person drinks is significantly correlated with some types of gambling behavior (e.g., in 1998, drinking more days was associated with more card gambling and sports gambling), it is the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion that is associated with more gambling behavior. For example, in both 1996 and 1998, drinking more per occasion was associated with more sports betting, dice gambling, number/lottery gambling, gambling using machines, and paper game gambling (e.g., pull tabs, punchboard). These results suggest that problem gambling behavior is not affected as much by the number of occasions on which one consumes alcohol, as by the amount of alcohol consumed per occasion.