西方族性与多元文化主义原理初探

族性理论是民族理论的外延性概念,与以往西方民族理论既有相似之处,又有显著的不同点。批判种族主义和同化主义对族性所强加的片面性,同时以生物学原理去思考它所包含的本质特征,诠释人们对它执着性的自然原理,并将其视为可变的概念来置于多元文化主义原理中,试图揭示其合理性和适用性内涵。进而对多元文化主义原理的普遍性和合理性作为伸展理由,又以实证的办法对它的可能性和限界性较为详述的同时,罗列出多元文化主义制度的各种模式,并把它们视之为解决种族、民族、族性问题的理想方案。     

Population statistics] as of July 1, 1995

In thousands, Thailand's total population as of July 1, 1995, was 59,450, of which 29,707 were male and 29,743 were female. 18,774 live in urban areas and 40,676 live in rural areas. 11,942 live in the northern region, 19,356 to the northeast, 7443 in the South, 12,897 centrally, and 7812 in the Bangkok metropolis. 17,122 were under age 15, 37,988 aged 15-59, and 4340 aged 60 and over. There were 15,347 women of reproductive ages 15-44. Crude birth and death rates per 1000 population were 17.6 and 5.2, respectively, with an overall natural growth rate of 1.2%. Infant mortality was 30.8 per 1000 live births. Male and female life expectancies at birth were 66.6 and 71.7 years, respectively. Further life expectancies at age 60 for males and females were 18.8 and 22.0 years, respectively. The rate of total fertility per woman was 1.95 with a contraceptive prevalence rate of 74.0% and an anticipated population of 71,860 in the year 2012.     

Population statistics] as of January 1, 1997

In thousands, Thailand's total population as of January 1, 1997, was 60,103, of which 30,034 were male and 30,069 were female. 18,981 live in urban areas and 41,122 live in rural areas. 12,074 live in the northern region, 19,568 to the northeast, 7524 in the South, 13,039 centrally, and 7898 in the Bangkok metropolis. 16,197 were under age 15, 38,856 aged 15-59, and 5050 aged 60 and over. There were 15,558 women of reproductive ages 15-44. Crude birth and death rates per 1000 population were 15.6 and 5.0, respectively, with an overall natural growth rate of 1.1%. Infant mortality was 25.0/1000 live births. Male and female life expectancies at birth were 66.6 and 71.7 years, respectively. Further life expectancies at age 60 for males and females were 18.8 and 22.0 years, respectively. The rate of total fertility per woman was 1.95, with a contraceptive prevalence rate of 75.2% and an anticipated population of 70,627 in the year 2012.