The Effect of Social Characteristics on Juvenile Court Dispositions*

Of the growing number of criticisms directed at various facets of the juvenile justice system, none is more common than the contention that the informality of the juvenile court encourages discrimination. The purpose of this study. which is based on data obtained from a sample of 1,522 official court records, is to provide an assessment of the impact of a variety of social background, demographic, and offense-related variables on the severity of sanctions imposed by juvenile court judges in one southeastern metropolitan jurisdiction. The findings show that the extra-legal variables which were considered have an effect on case disposition even when offense seriousness and prior records of delinquency are held constant.     

Do Personality Changes Occur in Parents Receiving Behavioral Family Therapy?

The present outcome study is a preliminary report on whether personality changes occur in parents receiving behavioral family therapy. Behavioral techniques for changing the identified patient's presenting problem were taught to the parents and each family member was given a weekly behavioral homework assignment intended to change the dysfunctional interactions assessed in the family.
An analysis of pre and post measures using Cattell's 16PF questionnaire showed a significant decrease in the parent's self-sufficiency index, indicating increased group dependence. The mean number of sessions was 12.6. The results of this study raise questions about the nature of the personality changes occurring in family therapy of this type. Family therapists, often-times assuming the role of the "expert" for the family, may be unwittingly fostering group dependence and losses in confidence for parents receiving such family guidance.     

Emergency contraceptive pills: a 10-year follow-up survey of use and experiences at college health centers in the mid-Atlantic United States

The authors conducted a 10-year follow-up study using a telephone survey to investigate the availability of emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) at college health centers in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. They also examined related issues, such as distribution procedure, existence of a written protocol, personnel involved, contraindications, follow-up procedures, methods of advertising, staff attitudes, changes in distribution over the past 10 years, and availability if ECPs become over-the-counter. Of the 119 completed responses, 58 schools (49%) reported distributing ECPs. The most common reasons schools listed for not distributing ECPs (n = 61, 51%) were religious convictions, understaffing, and lack of funding. Major changes in ECP distribution over the past 10 years related primarily to the number of schools distributing ECPs, protocol in ECP distribution, and advertising for ECP services.     

语义化的英语语气系统网络(Ⅰ)

文章有两个目的,其一是为中国学者介绍经过语义化的英语语气系统网络,其二是说明以新的语气系统网络替代之前旧的语气系统网络的重要性。文章的前半部分,即一至四章,通过介绍本文的研究方向,回答关于语气系统的三个问题,回顾早期对语气系统的语义化描述,并阐释影响语气系统语义化进程的因素,从而说明第二个目的。第一个目的由较长的第五章实现,它和附录一起构成了文章的后半部分,着重呈现了一个全新的经过语义化的语气系统网络。      

语义化的英语语气系统网络（Ⅱ）

文章有两个目的,其一是为中国学者介绍经过语义化的英语语气系统网络,其二是说明以新的语气系统网络替代之前旧的语气系统网络的重要性。文章的前半部分,即一至四章,通过介绍本文的研究方向,回答关于语气系统的三个问题,回顾早期对语气系统的语义化描述,并阐释影响语气系统语义化进程的因素,从而说明第二个目的。第一个目的由较长的第五章实现,它和附录一起构成了文章的后半部分,着重呈现了一个全新的经过语义化的语气系统网络。      

Temporal blindspots in Occupy Philadelphia

ABSTRACT

This paper analyzes the disjunctive temporalities of Occupy Philadelphia’s political constituencies. Drawing on both an ethnographic participant observation study of the Occupy Philadelphia movement and Philadelphia’s neoanarchist political communities, and on recent social scientific theorization of events, the paper argues that contradictory ideas about temporal timescales, momentum, duration, sequences, and rhythms of tactical and strategic action problematized interaction and coordination among movement participants. These points of coordinative disjuncture can be traced back to differences in participants’ ideas about prefigurative politics and strategic temporalities. Limning the temporal expectations and experiences of social movement participants, this paper contributes to the examination of both linkages and disjunctures between eventful temporalities experienced in moments of protest and in social movements with diverse timescales.     

Rural-urban differences in college students’ cardiovascular risk perceptions

Abstract

Objective: To examine rural-urban differences in college students’ cardiovascular risk perceptions. Participants: College students in rural (n?=?61) and urban (n?=?57) Kentucky counties were recruited from November 2012 to May 2014. Methods: This was a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study examining rural-urban differences in cardiovascular risk factors. Students rated their risk for developing high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, having a stroke, and gaining excess weight. Chi-square and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: Rural students had lower odds of perceived high risk for developing high blood pressure compared to urban students (odds ratio (OR): 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11–0.96) after adjusting for race, sex, and body mass index. This association was not observed after adjusting for healthcare access variables. No other significant differences were observed. Conclusions: Efforts to raise perceived risk for developing hypertension among rural college students may be warranted.     

Psychosocial predictors of self-esteem in a multiethnic sample of women over 50 at risk for HIV

Self-esteem is linked to high-risk behaviors in other populations but has not been examined in women aged 50 and older. This study explored how self-esteem is related to variables that can influence high-risk sexual behaviors in women over 50. A multiethnic community-based sample of 572 women aged 50 and older completed an anonymous questionnaire on sexual behaviors, sociodemographic characteristics, and psychosocial measures relevant to midlife and older women. Regression analysis showed sensation-seeking, HIV stigma, sexual assertiveness, and self-silencing predicted self-esteem in women over 50 (F = 43.632, p < .001). Factors such as relational context, interpersonal power, and silencing can affect self-esteem and may be contributing to HIV risk in this group.