《老子》论兵之作简析

论析《老子》对军事的战略主张 ,谨慎用兵、胜利原则以及将帅与士兵的素质要求和临战心态。强调守土有责 ,侵人无权 ,特别论述了战争的危害性 ,有反战倾向。还对“吉事尚左 ,凶事尚右” ,作了与古人不同的解释 ,展现了《老子》论兵的特色与精华     

Latent Separability: Grouping Goods without Weak Separability

This paper develops a new concept of separability with overlapping groups—latent separability. This is shown to provide a useful empirical and theoretical framework for investigating the grouping of goods and prices. It is a generalization of weak separability in which goods are allowed to enter more than one group and where the composition of groups is identified by the choice of group specific exclusive goods. Latent separability is shown to be equivalent to weak separability in latent rather than purchased goods and provides a relationship between separability and household production theory. For the popular class of linear, almost ideal and translog demand models and their generalizations, we provide a method for choosing the number of homothetic separable groups. A detailed method for exploring the composition of the separable groups is also presented. These methods are applied to a long time series of British individual household data on the consumption of twenty two nondurable and service goods.     

Integrating Knowledge through Information Trading: Examining the Relationship between Boundary Spanning Communication and Individual Performance*

With the global penetration of Internet technologies, individuals may now cross organizational boundaries to communicate efficiently with others regardless of time and space. Thus, when looking for help in solving work tasks, knowledge workers may just as easily contact individuals in rival firms across the globe as a coworker sitting at the next desk. As a result, management faces questions such as (1) How should firms manage employees' knowledge‐sourcing activities when they span both intra‐organizational and extra‐organizational boundaries, and (2) What is the relationship between different knowledge‐sourcing activities and individual performance? Grounded in the knowledge‐based view of the firm, we investigate these questions using data from Europe's largest information technology (IT) services and management consulting company. Our results provide evidence that organizations should support boundary spanning and knowledge sourcing from both internal and external sources. Results suggest (1) a positive relationship between boundary spanning communication and creativity and general performance, and (2) a negative relationship between a reliance on colocated coworkers as knowledge sources and creativity.     

State estimation for aoristic models

Aoristic data can be described by a marked point process in time in which the points cannot be observed directly but are known to lie in observable intervals, the marks. We consider Bayesian state estimation for the latent points when the marks are modeled in terms of an alternating renewal process in equilibrium and the prior is a Markov point process. We derive the posterior distribution, estimate its parameters and present some examples that illustrate the influence of the prior distribution. The model is then used to estimate times of occurrence of interval censored crimes.     

数字政府视域下政务数据开放的法治化路径研究

作为“第五生产要素”的数据在建设数字政府中发挥了极其重要的作用。《数据安全法》也设专章对政务数据开放进行了规定,但从政务数据开放的实践来看,“信息孤岛”“数据烟囱”问题严重,政务数据权属模糊、开放准备度不足、顶层设计统筹规划缺乏、开放到利用的转化率低等问题严重影响了政务数据的深度开放和利用。从行政法学的角度研究政务数据开放的内在逻辑和理论基础,有助于发现和解决政务数据开放制度运行中存在的问题,并可进一步完善政务数据开放制度的合法性与正当性。政务数据开放制度的完善应当在法治轨道上从数据开放的规范供给、主体责任、监管治理以及安全保护等方面科学、有序地推进。     

人本主义视域下大学英语个性化培养的实验研究——基于河北科技大学隐性分层教学实践

人本主义教育观关注人的价值和个性差异,主张尊重学习者的个性和需求;认为教学活动是使学习者从"新手水平发展到更高水平"的过程,为大学英语个性化培养提供了理论基础。教学实验数据表明,个性化培养模式下的隐性分层教学可以显著提高教学质量;增强学习者的学习兴趣、信心和主动性;提高语言水平和应用能力,实现学习效果最优化。     

教学动力来源论纲

教学动力本质上是由无数教学分力融汇而成的教学合力，这些教学分力来自不同的方面。中外学者从不同的视角作过探讨，但都没有全面反映教学动力的本质。教学动力究竟来自哪里？作者认为，教学动力主要来源于教学主体自身、教学主体与教学客体之间的相互作用、教学本身以及社会系统四个方面。