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521.
Samuel Soubeyrand Joël Chaduf Ivan Sache Christian Lannou 《Statistical Methodology》2006,3(4):464-482
We propose a method for specifying the distribution of random effects included in a model for cluster data. The class of models we consider includes mixed models and frailty models whose random effects and explanatory variables are constant within clusters. The method is based on cluster residuals obtained by assuming that the random effects are equal between clusters. We exhibit an asymptotic relationship between the cluster residuals and variations of the random effects as the number of observations increases and the variance of the random effects decreases. The asymptotic relationship is used to specify the random-effects distribution. The method is applied to a frailty model and a model used to describe the spread of plant diseases. 相似文献
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Results of an investigation into the sensitivity to two types of inspection error of link sampling procedures described by Harischchandra and Srivenkataramana are reported. Relevant compound distributions are derived. Some comparisons with results obtained in a similar investigation for standard double sampling are also given. 相似文献
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The Mountain West is a region that seems to be simultaneously rural and urban. With its wide-open spaces, many national parks, monuments, and forests, and high degree of federal land ownership the West appears as the quintessential rural area. However, over 70 percent of the West's population live in metropolitan areas. This simultaneous rural and urban nature of the West is important in understanding the changing population geography of the region. We examine this by focusing on changing patterns of population concentration among metro and nonmetro counties. Unlike other regions in the US, the Mountain West has never experienced a period of counterurbanization or population deconcentration. Not only is current in-migration to the region increasingly concentrated in old and new metro areas, it is also concentrated in a select number of nonmetro areas as well—particularly nonmetro counties adjacent to metro areas, in retirement destinations, and in recreation centers. 相似文献
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The contours of demography: Estimates and projections 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Samuel H. Preston 《Demography》1993,30(4):593-606
This paper considers the scope of demography and the various research approaches that legitimately could claim the label. As a small field lacking security in academic structures, demography has been unusually sensitive to demand factors, including those associated with perceived population problems. International health is cited as an area of increased demographic presence; reasons for this development are explored. The technology for performing research in demography is improving more rapidly than in many other areas of the social sciences, and thus is helping to improve the relative standing of the field. Taking a demand-oriented approach, the paper identifies several promising research areas in which demographers will be called on to address issues of national and international concern. 相似文献
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Samuel D. Oman 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》1985,11(2):189-196
The linear calibration problem is considered. An exact formula for the mean squared error of the inverse estimator, involving expectations of functions of a Poisson random variable, is derived. The formula may be expressed in closed form if the number of observations in the calibration experiment is odd; for an even number of observations, the numerical evaluation of a simple integral or the use of a standard table of the confluent hypergeometric function is required. Previous expressions for the mean squared error have either been asymptotic expansions or estimates obtained by simulation. 相似文献
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