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271.
Patrícia M. Pascoal E. Sandra Byers Maria-João Alvarez Pablo Santos-Iglesias Pedro J. Nobre Cicero Roberto Pereira 《Journal of sex research》2013,50(9):1155-1166
Researchers have demonstrated that several dimensions of sexual functioning (e.g., sexual desire, arousal, orgasm) are associated with the sexual satisfaction of individuals in a committed mixed-sex (male–female) relationship. We extended this research by comparing a dyadic model that included both own (i.e., actor effect) and partner (i.e., partner effect) domains of sexual functioning to an individual model that included only actor effects. Participants were 124 mixed-sex couples who completed online measures of sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction. Data analysis using the actor–partner interdependence model (APIM) and structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that the dyadic model had a better fit than the individual model. Women’s sexual desire and orgasm and men’s erectile functioning were significant positive predictors of both own and partner’s sexual satisfaction. These results are discussed in terms of the importance of taking a dyadic approach to research and clinical work related to sexual satisfaction. 相似文献
272.
Sandra Kopels 《Journal of Social Work Education》2013,49(3):337-346
Abstract Statistics consistently demonstrate that people with disabilities are the poorest, least educated, and largest minority population in America. This article examines the employment provisions of Title I of the recently enacted Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and its use in combating poverty for individuals with disabilities. The ADA in its entirety, and Title I in particular, is useful both as an advocacy and pedagogical tool to understand and alleviate poverty, oppression, and discrimination. Suggestions for infusing this content into the professional foundation curriculum are included. 相似文献
273.
Sandra S. Stroebel Stephen L. O'Keefe Karen Griffee Shih-Ya Kuo Keith W. Beard Martin J. Kommor 《Journal of child sexual abuse》2013,22(6):695-719
Retrospective data were entered anonymously by 1,521 adult women using a computer-assisted self-interview. Thirty-one participants were victims of sister–sister incest, 40 were victims of brother–sister incest, 19 were victims of father–daughter incest, 8 were victims of sexual abuse by an adult female (including one mother), and 232 were victims of sexual abuse by an adult male other than their father before reaching 18 years of age. The rest (1,203) served as controls. The victims of sister–sister incest had significantly more problematic outcomes than controls on many measures as adults. Victims of sister–sister incest were more depressed and more likely than controls to be distant from the perpetrator-sister and to have traded sex for money, experienced an unplanned pregnancy, engaged in four different types of masturbation, and engaged in 13 different same-sex behaviors. Our findings were consistent with other reports of early eroticization and persistent hypereroticization of incest victims. 相似文献
274.
275.
As our population ages, the need for personal assistance services increases. Paid personal care is predominantly provided by women, often older women, and has been considered low-status, low-wage work. This article reports on a mixed-method, longitudinal study of 261 home care aides; study participants were 46 years old, on average. Predictors of termination included younger age and lack of health insurance. Study participants reported more rewarding than challenging aspects to the job, though low and inconsistent compensation often forced them to leave the work they loved. Implications of the study with regard to older women caring for older women are explored. 相似文献
276.
The changing relationship between obesity and educational status 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The increasing prevalence of obesity in the adult population has important implications for the health status of the population.
Understanding the reasons for this increase will provide guidance in developing public health approaches to address the problem.
In this paper we examine the changing relationship between educational attainment and obesity. We use annual cross-sectional
survey data (National Health Interview Survey) of non-institutionalized adults aged 18 years or older conducted by the National
Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control. Our results show that the educational advantage in obesity is declining.
The prevalence of obesity among those with more than a high school education has increased at a faster rate than it has among
those with less than a high school education between 1984 and 1994 (76 percent versus 41 percent among whites and 77 percent
versus 27 percent among blacks). If the prevalence of obesity by educational level had stayed the same, the increased educational
attainment of the population would have led to a decline in overall obesity prevalence. If the educational differentials in
obesity had not changed, obesity would have been expected to increase from 11.77 percent to 15.62 percent of the population
between 1984 and 1994, compared to the 18.21 percent observed. In contrast to expectations, the increased educational level
of the adult population has not resulted in a decline in obesity. Although future cohorts of older adults are likely to be
better educated, they also are more likely to be obese, leading to increased risk of heart disease and diabetes.
Her research focuses on the patterns of health and illness in the elderly population, particularly the effects of obesity
on later life health.
Sandra L. Reynolds received her Ph.D.in Gerontology from the Andrus Gerontology Center at the University of Southern California in 1996, after
which she joined the faculty at the University of South Florida's School of Aging Studies. Her research interests include
guardianship, advance directives, elder abuse, trends in health and disability, obesity, and active life expectancy. 相似文献
277.
Sandra A. Wiebe Carol L. Cheatham Angela F. Lukowski Jennifer C. Haight Abigail J. Muehleck Patricia J. Bauer 《Infancy》2006,9(1):21-44
Detection of novelty is an important cognitive ability early in development, when infants must learn a great deal about their world. Work with adults has identified networks of brain areas involved in novelty detection; this study investigated electrophysiological correlates of detection of novelty and recognition of familiarity in 9‐month‐old infants, using event‐related potentials (ERPs). Infants were familiarized with an event in the laboratory, then ERPs were recorded as they viewed repeated presentations of pictures of this familiar event and a novel event, along with single presentations of 30 trial‐unique events. A middle‐latency negative component was sensitive to degree of novelty, differing in amplitude and latency by stimulus condition and across repeated presentations. Long‐latency slow‐wave activity also related to stimulus condition. Findings have implications for our understanding of infants' detection of novel information and the processes that render the novel familiar. 相似文献
278.
We provide empirical evidence that the volatility of inventory productivity relative to the volatility of demand is a predictor of future stock returns in a sample of publicly listed U.S. retailers over the period 1985–2013. This key performance indicator, entitled demand–supply mismatch (DSM), captures the fact that low variation in inventory productivity relative to variation in demand is indicative of the superior synchronization of demand‐ and supply‐side operations. Applying the Fama and French (1993) three‐factor model augmented with a momentum factor (Carhart 1997), we find that zero‐cost portfolios formed by buying the two lowest and selling the two highest quintiles of DSM stocks yield abnormal stock returns of up to 1.13%. These strong market anomalies related to DSM are observed over the entire sample period and persist after controlling for alternative inventory productivity measures and firm characteristics that are known to predict future stock returns. Further, we reveal that DSM is indicative of lower future earnings and lower sales growth and provide evidence that the observed market inefficiency results from investors’ failure to incorporate all of the information that inventory contains into the pricing of stocks. 相似文献
279.
Sandra M. Fortier 《Journal of Children and Poverty》2006,12(2):113-128
This exploratory qualitative study probed the experiences of fourteen 7–12-year-old children living in poverty. Child-centered activity-based interviewing methods were utilized. Three universal themes with eight life area specific categories emerged from qualitative data analysis. This study's findings suggest that children perceive poverty as a hurtful and detrimental factor in their lives. The findings also suggest, however, that some children living in poverty may not view their current financial situation as limiting to their future prospects, and that in spite of the hardships they themselves face, children living in poverty have tremendous compassion for children less fortunate than themselves. Finally, the study concludes that the child-centered research methods allow for children to make valuable contributions to childhood poverty research. 相似文献
280.
Sandra Gottschalk 《Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv》2004,88(3):279-302
Summary: One specific problem statistical offices and research institutes are faced with
when releasing microdata is the preservation of confidentiality. Traditional methods to
avoid disclosure often destroy the structure of the data, and information loss is potentially
high. In this paper an alternative technique of creating scientific–use files is discussed,
which reproduces the characteristics of the original data quite well. It is based on Fienberg
(1997, 1994) who estimates and resamples from the empirical multivariate cumulative
distribution function of the data in order to get synthetic data. The procedure creates
data sets – the resample – which have the same characteristics as the original survey
data. The paper includes some applications of this method with (a) simulated data and
(b) innovation survey data, the Mannheim Innovation Panel (MIP), and a comparison
between resampling and a common method of disclosure control (disturbance with multiplicative error) with regard to confidentiality on the one hand and the appropriateness
of the disturbed data for different kinds of analyses on the other. The results show that
univariate distributions can be better reproduced by unweighted resampling. Parameter
estimates can be reproduced quite well if the resampling procedure implements the correlation structure of the original data as a scale or if the data is multiplicatively perturbed
and a correction term is used. On average, anonymization of data with multiplicatively
perturbed values protects better against re–identification than the various resampling
methods used. 相似文献