Resilience in the Face of Disasters: Bridging Micro- and Macro-Perspectives

This paper discusses the use of risk and resilience theory to understand how individuals and communities respond to natural disasters that present ongoing developmental challenges to personal and collective well-being. In the past two to three decades, mental health workers have developed numerous disaster relief strategies; while economists have become expert at estimating risk. These develops are explored.     

Book Reviews

This article examines some difficulties associated with the Haynes–Stone model and attempts to clarify how the model can be justified as representing the hypothesis that “quantity is demand determined and price is supply determined.” It also argues that the applications of such a model as was done by Haynes and Stone might not have resolved the controversies related to the Phillips curve and the supply function of exports (or imports).     

Characterizing Mother’s Dating After Divorce

Mothers dating after divorce is a dynamic process, where not all mothers date the same way after divorce. However, few studies have examined the different ways that mothers date after divorce, which should influence maternal well-being, risk behaviors, and the quality of their relationships. This study characterizes four different approaches to mothers’ repartnering (referred to as repartnering histories): no dating, dating one partner monogamously, dating multiple partners serially, and dating multiple partners simultaneously. Each repartnering history is characterized by demographic variables, relationship quality, and maternal well-being. Implications of the study are discussed.     

超越帝国主义和恐怖主义的新文明:生态纪研究和过程思想的作用

在长达 5 0年的“冷战”期间 ,由于西方资本主义和东方共产主义两大力量在世界戏剧舞台上扮演着主导的角色 ,世界保持着一种“不稳定”的稳定状态。今天 ,很多力量在竞争全球或地区霸权 ,而美国是世界的超级大国 ,它通过军事力量、经济影响和文化 ,对世界事务实施一种帝国统治。但这种统治决不意味着全部。在很多地方 ,宗教的、地区的和民族的运动大胆并热情 ,然而也带着莽撞 ,它们毫不理睬创造一个全球的、现代化社会的努力。在帝国主义和恐怖主义所造成的混乱的世界秩序里 ,远古的甚至是原始的理解正与现代性信条相竞争。文章提出生态纪研究和过程思想 ,它为建设性的后现代的未来文明提供充满希望的、奠基性的哲学要素     

The abused and neglected foster child: Determinants of emotional conflict and oppositional behavior

Behavioral and emotional problems have been observed in emotionally vulnerable children in foster care under certain circumstances. A common pattern involves the unpredictable appearance of a previously absent or unavailable natural parent. Such an occurrence precipitates the reawakening of the child's ambivalent feelings toward both natural and foster parents as well as their fears of abandonment. This frequently leads to behavior that is oppositional and difficult to manage. If the foster parents find the child's behavior unmanageable, and if they are not provided with appropriate professional support during this difficult period, a crisis often follows that precipitates the child's removal from the foster home. Individual, familial, and systemic contributions to this dilemma are discussed. This article emphasizes the origins and nature of the intrapsychic dilemma faced by these children. Particular emphasis is placed on the manifestations of a conflict of loyalty, in the child, and its relationship to the oppositional behavior of these children in foster care. Additional considerations include the impact of inconsistent parenting, abuse and neglect by the natural parents, the assumption of a parental role by the child and a concomitant renunciation of the child's dependency needs, as well as an examination of the role of the foster parent's fantasy of what it will be like to parent a traumatized child.     

Trajectories of Perceived Friendship Quality During Adolescence: The Patterns and Contextual Predictors

Findings are presented from an ecologically grounded, longitudinal study of 206 urban, ethnic minority adolescents that used hierarchical linear modeling to examine: (1) individual trajectories of change in adolescents' perceptions of general and closest same‐sex friendship quality from middle to late adolescence; (2) the effects of gender and ethnicity on these trajectories of change; and (3) the relative influence of adolescents' perceptions of individual‐level (i.e., self‐esteem) and contextual‐level (i.e., family relationships and school climate) variables on change over time in perceptions of friendship quality. Findings indicated that adolescents' perceptions of the quality of friendships improved from middle to late adolescence. Boys reported sharper increases over time than girls in their perceptions of the quality of their closest, same‐sex friendships. Furthermore, perceptions of contextual level variables (i.e., family relationships, teacher/student relations, and student/student relations) were significantly associated with change over time in perceptions of general and/or closest same‐sex friendship quality.     

论文明的发展趋势——生态文明

从属于地球共同体的人类文明走过了原始文明、农业文明,又演绎出今天的现代全球文明。现代文明的缺陷引起地球共同体终结的危机。因此人类文明需要进入新的发展过程,而走向生态文明就是人类和地球共同体的未来,这需要克服实证科学语言所具有的单一性,以东方占优势的类比思维来弥补西方实证科学逻辑思维的不足。无论是东方文明还是西方文明,都有着相互的关联。西方的逻辑、东方的关联和类比,都是走向生态文明的必须。