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281.
Stephen T. Russell 《Sociological spectrum》2013,33(4):423-447
Research on the antecedents of teen parenthood has most often focused on the family of origin as the primary locus for understanding parenthood risk; however, several theoretical perspectives promote the inclusion of multiple domains of adolescents’ lives for understanding behavior. Using data from a British cohort who grew up during the 1970s (the National Child Development Study), this study considers the degree to which family characteristics from the teenage years mediate and are mediated by physical development, psychosocial characteristics, academic performance and attitudes, and future plans. Multidimensional risk factors show little variation by gender; however, risk factors differ according to the marital status of the teen when she or he became a parent. 相似文献
282.
Measures of subjective well-being are one component of the measurement of the quality of life and progress of a nation. The Office for National Statistics approach, as part of the Measuring National Well-being programme, has been to include such measures alongside more objective measures in order to gain a full picture of “how things are going” and to better inform public policy. These estimates are considered experimental and further testing and development is underway. However, it is argued that subjective well-being measures have a potential role in the policy process and this article considers how they could be used in policy making within the UK. 相似文献
283.
Virginia Schmied Maree Johnson Norell Naidoo Marie-Paule Austin Stephen Matthey Lynn Kemp Annie Mills Tanya Meade Anthony Yeo 《Women and birth : journal of the Australian College of Midwives》2013,26(3):167-178
AimThe aim of this paper is to describe the factors that impact on the mental health of Australian and New Zealand (NZ) women in the perinatal period (pregnancy and the year following birth), and to determine the impact of perinatal mental health on women's subsequent health by summarising findings from prospective longitudinal studies conducted in Australia and NZ.MethodsA systematic search was conducted using the databases, Scopus, Medline, PsychInfo and Health Source to identify prospective longitudinal studies focused on women's social and emotional health in the perinatal period. Forty-eight papers from eight longitudinal studies were included.ResultsThe proportion of women reporting depressive symptoms in the first year after birth was between 10 and 20% and this has remained stable over 25 years. The two strongest predictors for depression and anxiety were previous history of depression and poor partner relationship. Importantly, women's mood appears to be better in the first year after birth, when compared to pregnancy and five years later. Becoming a mother at a young age is by itself not a risk factor unless coupled with social disadvantage. Women report a high number of stressors in pregnancy and following birth and the rate of intimate partner violence reported is worryingly high.ConclusionMidwives have an important role in the identification, support and referral of women experiencing mental health problems. As many women do not seek help from mental health services, the potential for a known midwife to impact on women's mental health warrants further examination. 相似文献
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Tamara S. Davis Stephen M. Gavazzi Scott D. Scheer Il An Kwon Alexandra Lammers Mary A. Fristad 《Journal of social service research》2013,39(5):500-515
ABSTRACT This correlational study assessed how families of children with mental illness perceived the levels of support they received from informal and formal resource providers and the associations between perceived support and child outcomes. Adult caregivers (N = 904) of youth receiving public mental health care services were administered the Family Caregiver Perceptions of Support Scale developed by the authors to assess family caregiver perceptions of support prior to and at termination of services. Factor analysis identified three types of caregiver anticipated supports: informal support resources, support for treatment plan influence, and health care resources. The domains were significantly and positively associated with one another but did not uniformly correlate with youth mental health outcomes. The study provides preliminary evidence that treatment gains in youth mental health outcomes are observed when caregivers perceive support in treatment processes. Suggestions for future research are made, stressing the importance of caregivers and providers working together and describing needs related to future scale improvements. 相似文献
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Stephen Zafirau 《Qualitative sociology》2008,31(2):99-127
Reputation is an important feature in the interactional contexts of work in “culture industries” such as film and television
production. But few accounts have examined how reputations are produced in the everyday worlds in which cultural producers
live and work. This paper introduces the concept of “reputation work” to describe the front stage and back stage interactional
processes through which cultural producers continuously strive to produce their reputations. Drawing on participant observation
data gathered at a Hollywood talent management company and a business school course on the talent industry, this paper shows
how Hollywood agents and managers perform four types of reputation work. These include how Hollywood talent representatives
work to adhere to institutionalized conventions for reputable physical settings, group contexts, giftgiving practices, and
selfhoods. Such reputation work performances are done for the sake of “impression management,” but show how this strategic
interaction is governed by industry-wide institutions that govern legitimacy.
Stephen Zafirau is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of Southern California. His dissertation examines how decision makers in the US film industry create and legitimate ideas about motion picture audiences, and how those ideas become important in the everyday contexts in which decisions about Hollywood movies are made. 相似文献
Stephen ZafirauEmail: |
Stephen Zafirau is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Sociology at the University of Southern California. His dissertation examines how decision makers in the US film industry create and legitimate ideas about motion picture audiences, and how those ideas become important in the everyday contexts in which decisions about Hollywood movies are made. 相似文献
290.
Prevalence, type, disclosure, and severity of adverse life events in college students 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Smyth JM Hockemeyer JR Heron KE Wonderlich SA Pennebaker JW 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2008,57(1):69-76
OBJECTIVE: Some information on the prevalence of adverse life experiences is available for the general population and college students, but the extent, nature, and severity of these events is unclear. PARTICIPANTS: The authors recruited undergraduate college students (N = 6,053) from diverse academic settings (public and private schools) and geographic locations. METHODS: They examined the prevalence, nature, severity, and disclosure of adverse events, in addition to reports of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology within the sample. RESULTS: Across multiple studies, prevalence rates of adverse events ranged from 55.8% to 84.5%, replicating previous findings in larger samples. In a subset of undergraduate students (n = 97) who the authors interviewed in greater depth, 9% reported symptoms of clinical PTSD and an additional 11% reported subclinical symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Research using college samples for the study of stressful life events is a useful and reasonable strategy. The authors discuss implications for research, as well as screening and referral services at universities. 相似文献