中国现代化的社会结构转型与马克思主义实践

各文明体系中社会要素的生长积累具有同步性,但社会要素作用的发挥离不开一定的社会结构.社会结构是联系社会要素和社会形态的中介环节,只有在一定的社会结构中,各种社会要素才能被汇集为一种"力",从而推动社会形态的演进.中国明代在社会要素的积累方面与西方相近,却没有像西方那样转入近现代社会,这一现象只能从社会形式即关系结构中得到解释.马克思主义在中国的实践推动了中国社会结构转型而真正迈入现代化进程.     

科学与人文融合视角下素质教育的境界研究

科学教育和人文教育的融合是素质教育的核心内容,也是高等教育改革和发展的趋势.其融合的境界可分为由低到高的三个层次:科学知识与人文知识的融合,科学精神与人文精神的融合,科学行为与人文行为的融合.融合的进程遵循辩证唯物主义认识论的规律,具有递进性和回复性的特点.     

上海郊区发展历史、现状及展望

我国城市郊区建制效仿苏联,初期目的是保障大城市居民的鲜活农产品供应.20世纪90年代以后,上海在城乡规划和政策导向两方面积极促进郊区工业化与城镇化的结合,促进大规模商业服务项目落户郊区,一批兼具就业、商务、交通、居住和休闲娱乐等功能的新城和新市镇随之发展起来.随着上海国际经济、金融、贸易和航运中心的逐步建成,郊区作为上海先进制造业基地、城市发展的未来空间、现代服务业延伸地区、鲜活农副产品生产基地,以及市民休闲度假基地的重要地位将进一步显现出来,郊区将继续成为上海发展最有活力的地区.     

城市土地价格效应对城市土地集约利用的影响机理研究

一、引言作为一种经济景观．城市是社会经济活动空间集聚的结果．是空间经济体系格局的最高表现．是一定地域中各种市场力量相互交织在一起并大规模集中的必然结果。因此．城市经济的本质特征就在于其空间集聚性。集聚经济的存在,促使各种生产和生活活动在城市集聚．最终导致城市土地供不应求．城市土地价格上涨。为了继续获取集聚经济所带来的成本节约等效益．     

瑞典修改《医疗生物银行法》对我国的启示

瑞典的《医疗生物银行法》在实施过程中出现适用范围有限、伦理原则缺失、有关职责界定不清等问题,科学界和医疗界提议出台新的生物银行法以替代旧法,促进医疗领域健康发展。瑞典新的生物银行法报告在尊重个体完整和隐私的前提下,将监管所有人类组织样本的收集、存储和使用,并将完善样本捐献者的知情同意,强化样本捐献者的自决权,增加可追溯性规定和样本库个人资料处理原则,申明生物样本跨界合作的安全问题,对正在修订《涉及人的生物医学研究伦理审查办法》的我国具有借鉴意义。     

交易费用、农地流转与新一轮农地制度改革——基于苏、桂、鄂、黑四省区农户调查数据的分析

农地流转是促进农地规模经营的必经之路,已成为新一轮农地制度改革的中心议题。基于江苏、广西、湖北及黑龙江四省区农户调查数据的实证分析结果显示,交易费用是影响农地流转的一个重要约束因素,农地流转中存在的交易费用既抑制转入户转入土地,又抑制转出户转出土地。因此,新一轮农地制度改革进程中应全面降低农地流转面临的各类交易费用,促进农地经营权规范有序流转,发展农业适度规模经营。     

Extended scaled prediction variance optimality for modified central composite design

Robust parameter designs (RPDs) enable the experimenter to discover how to modify the design of the product to minimize the effect due to variation from noise sources. The aim of this article is to show how this amount of work can be reduced under modified central composite design (MCCD). We propose a measure of extended scaled prediction variance (ESPV) for evaluation of RPDs on MCCD. Using these measures, we show that we can check the error or bias associated with estimating the model parameters and suggest the values of α recommended for MCCS under minimum ESPV.     

Trajectory of problem behaviours of Korean adopted children: using piecewise hierarchical linear growth modelling

This study examined the trajectory of problem behaviours in domestically adopted children in South Korea as they aged. This study used the Panel Study on Korean Adopted Children's longitudinal, three‐wave data (2006, 2008 and 2010). Although data were collected at three time points, our data consisted of six time points, which covered the 5–10 years age range of the adopted children at the time of survey. One hundred sixty‐four children were included in the analysis, 75 of whom contributed to one time point, 74 to two time points and 15 to three time points. The trajectory of the problem behaviours of adopted children was examined using a piecewise hierarchical linear growth model. Because the initial exploration of the data suggested non‐linear changes in behaviour problems over time, we split the growth trajectory into two time periods: Time 1 (5–7 years) and Time 2 (7–10 years). A two‐rate model was used to estimate separate slopes for the two time periods. Results showed that the externalizing and internalizing problems of adopted children have different trajectories. Internalizing problems did not show significant changes after 5 years of age, while externalizing problems increased until 7 years of age and decreased significantly thereafter.     

An optimal online algorithm for the parallel-batch scheduling with job processing time compatibilities

We consider the online (over time) scheduling on a single unbounded parallel-batch machine with job processing time compatibilities to minimize makespan. In the problem, a constant \(\alpha >0\) is given in advance. Each job \(J_{j}\) has a normal processing time \(p_j\). Two jobs \(J_i\) and \(J_j\) are compatible if \(\max \{p_i, p_j\} \le (1+\alpha )\cdot \min \{p_i, p_j\}\). In the problem, mutually compatible jobs can form a batch being processed on the machine. The processing time of a batch is equal to the maximum normal processing time of the jobs in this batch. For this problem, we provide an optimal online algorithm with a competitive ratio of \(1+\beta _\alpha \), where \(\beta _\alpha \) is the positive root of the equation \((1+\alpha )x^{2}+\alpha x=1+\alpha \).