全文获取类型
收费全文 | 15688篇 |
免费 | 329篇 |
国内免费 | 15篇 |
专业分类
管理学 | 1819篇 |
民族学 | 99篇 |
人才学 | 1篇 |
人口学 | 1374篇 |
丛书文集 | 150篇 |
教育普及 | 1篇 |
理论方法论 | 1533篇 |
综合类 | 711篇 |
社会学 | 8468篇 |
统计学 | 1876篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 89篇 |
2022年 | 70篇 |
2021年 | 120篇 |
2020年 | 253篇 |
2019年 | 326篇 |
2018年 | 399篇 |
2017年 | 571篇 |
2016年 | 402篇 |
2015年 | 310篇 |
2014年 | 390篇 |
2013年 | 2474篇 |
2012年 | 561篇 |
2011年 | 564篇 |
2010年 | 453篇 |
2009年 | 385篇 |
2008年 | 475篇 |
2007年 | 492篇 |
2006年 | 505篇 |
2005年 | 440篇 |
2004年 | 364篇 |
2003年 | 323篇 |
2002年 | 349篇 |
2001年 | 405篇 |
2000年 | 340篇 |
1999年 | 321篇 |
1998年 | 238篇 |
1997年 | 196篇 |
1996年 | 194篇 |
1995年 | 201篇 |
1994年 | 192篇 |
1993年 | 196篇 |
1992年 | 218篇 |
1991年 | 212篇 |
1990年 | 207篇 |
1989年 | 184篇 |
1988年 | 184篇 |
1987年 | 212篇 |
1986年 | 174篇 |
1985年 | 179篇 |
1984年 | 196篇 |
1983年 | 166篇 |
1982年 | 164篇 |
1981年 | 132篇 |
1980年 | 124篇 |
1979年 | 139篇 |
1978年 | 106篇 |
1977年 | 86篇 |
1976年 | 102篇 |
1975年 | 117篇 |
1974年 | 86篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
911.
Moe CL Christmas WA Echols LJ Miller SE 《Journal of American college health : J of ACH》2001,50(2):57-66
Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) are transmitted by fecally contaminated food, water, fomites, and person-to-person contact. They are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis epidemics in industrialized countries. NLV outbreaks are characterized by a 12- to 48-hour incubation period; nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for 24 to 72 hours; and high secondary attack rates. NLV infections spread rapidly on college and university campuses because of close living quarters, shared bathrooms and common rooms, many food handlers, popular self-service salad bars in dining halls, and person-to-person contact through sports and recreational activities. The illness is generally mild and self-limited but an outbreak can strain the resources of campus health services and cause high absenteeism among both students and staff. Treatment is primarily through antiemetic medication and oral rehydration. Prevention and control of NLV outbreaks rests on promoting hand washing; enforcement of strict hygiene in all food preparation areas; and prompt, rigorous cleaning of potentially contaminated areas where someone has been ill. 相似文献
912.
Nield-Anderson L Ameling A 《Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services》2001,39(4):42-49
1. Reiki is an ancient healing art involving the gentle laying on of hands. It can be practiced anytime and anywhere. 2. Reiki can be used as a complementary treatment to medical protocols. 3. Hand positions customarily correspond to the body's endocrine and lymphatic systems and major organs, focusing on seven main chakras. 4. More research investigating the effects of Reiki on persons with psychiatric and medical disorders is necessary. 相似文献
913.
Hart DL 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2001,16(1):39-51
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate how outcomes assessment can assist in describing clients receiving rehabilitation in occupational health rehabilitation clinics and to describe the preliminary assessment of internal consistency reliability and construct validity of the FOTO Industrial Outcomes Tool. METHODS: 266 adults referred for acute work rehabilitation (AWR), work conditioning/hardening (WC/WH) or a Functional Capacity Evaluation (FCE) comprised the data set. Clients were treated between July 1998 and January 1999 in 15 clinics from 6 states by 46 clinicians participating in the Focus on Therapeutic Outcomes (FOTO) national rehabilitation database beta test. For AWR and WC/WH, clients completed a health status questionnaire on intake and discharge, and health status was assessed prior to the FCE. Comprehensive demographic data were collected describing the clinics, clinicians, clients and work status collected 2 weeks following discharge. RESULTS: Internal consistency reliability coefficients for the health status scores ranged from 0.57 to 0.89. Construct validity was supported. CONCLUSION: Results demonstrate the power of collecting outcomes from a variety of constructs for clients receiving industrial rehabilitation services. Initial reliability and construct validity findings were adequate and support continuing data analyses. 相似文献
914.
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this outcome measurement study was to determine the effectiveness of a work hardening program as measured by the participants' work status at three months after program completion. Predictors of successful return to work were explored. STUDY DESIGN: The sequential case series design was employed, and data were gathered at three points: the initial work hardening assessment, the discharge assessment, and three months post-discharge from the work hardening program. Seventy-nine participants were included. RESULTS: Eighty-two percent (82%) of the clients who completed a work hardening program reported that they were working in some capacity three months after program completion. They listed their employment status in 5 sub-categories. Significant predictors of employment included "single" marital status, lower perceived disability scores at program entry, reduction in reported pain during program duration, and funding source. CONCLUSION: Work hardening remains an effective treatment strategy which promotes successful return to the workplace. Ongoing analyses of these programs is imperative. 相似文献
915.
Brown A Kitchell M O'Neill T Lockliear J Vosler A Kubek D Dale L 《Work (Reading, Mass.)》2001,16(3):219-226
OBJECTIVE: The primary objectives of this study were to identify sources of meaning for individuals within the context of a work environment, and to compare varied sources of meaning for individuals with high and low work satisfaction levels. METHOD: Participants were chosen based on satisfaction levels in employment, full-time employment status within an organization for at least one year, and diversity in the work setting. Data were gathered through a series of interviews and observations of the participants' workplaces. A comparative analysis of transcribed interviews was conducted by the researchers and with an expert occupational therapy faculty panel. From these analyses, the researchers developed work narratives for a mechanical engineer, a high school teacher, an employee of mechanical services, and a career service counselor. RESULTS: Emerging themes from the work narratives indicated that the various meanings employees found in work had an effect on their perceived levels of job satisfaction. Participants conveyed that organization identification, financial benefits, independent decision-making, reciprocal respect, opportunities for creativity, and maintaining significant relationships outside of work enhanced meaning and satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The worker role is a significant source of an individual's identity, meaning, and satisfaction in life. Professionals in various fields can work with employers to develop meaningful work environments for increased job satisfaction, greater motivation for work, increased productivity, and decreased employee turnover. 相似文献
916.
In this case study, we describe the symptoms, neurological examination, test results, and brain pathology of a man with Parkinson's disease (PD). PD commonly presents with tremor or changes in one's ability to walk or move. Other major difficulties caused by this disease include rigidity of the body, slowness of movement, and postural imbalance. The disease symptoms principally result from the degeneration of a specific population of neuronal cells in the brain stem, in a region called the pars compacta of the substantia nigra. Pathology shows the loss of these cells and the appearance of characteristic neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies, which are composed principally of aggregated alpha-synuclein protein. 相似文献
917.
Drawing on structural theories of economic outcomes, we investigated how economic change affects the distribution of health benefits, the main source of health insurance for American workers. Through an aggregate level analysis, we show how the effects of industry level characteristics on the level of health benefits change between 1988 and 1997. Due to the increased reliance on women, nonwhite workers, and part-time labor, we expect declines in the effect sizes of gender and race composition and proportion full-time. In contrast, we predict increases in the effects of proportion small firm employment, proportion union, and industry sector due to rising health care costs, the competitive economic environment, and greater union effectiveness. We analyze data from the March Current Population Surveys for 1987 to 1997 using generalized least-squares regression. The positive effect of proportion white increases over time, while the positive effect of level of full-time work declines. The negative effects of small firm employment and being a retail or nonprofessional service industry increase in magnitude. Both union activity and gender composition have stable effects over the period. The results challenge views of a declining significance of race and gender in the labor market. 相似文献
918.
Volunteer work and well-being 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Using two waves of panel data from Americans' Changing Lives (House 1995) (N = 2,681), we examine the relationships between volunteer work in the community and six aspects of personal well-being: happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, sense of control over life, physical health, and depression. Prior research has more often examined the effects of voluntary memberships than of volunteer work, has used cross-sectional rather than longitudinal data, and, when longitudinal, has emphasized social causation over selection effects. Focusing only on the consequences of volunteer work overlooks the antecedents of human agency. People with greater personality resources and better physical and mental health should be more likely to seek (or to be sought for) community service. Hence, we examine both selection and social causation effects. Results show that volunteer work indeed enhances all six aspects of well-being and, conversely, people who have greater well-being invest more hours in volunteer service. Given this, further understanding of self- versus social-selection processes seems an important next step. Do positive, healthy people actively seek out volunteer opportunities, or do organizations actively recruit individuals of these types (or both)? Explaining how positive consequences flow from volunteer service may offer a useful counterpoint to stress theory, which has focused primarily on negative life experiences and their sequelae. 相似文献
919.
L Barnitz 《Child welfare》2001,80(5):597-610
The commercial sexual exploitation of children is one of the most destructive forms of abuse. Although some efforts have been made to stop the trafficking in children and youth, they are far from sufficient. A coordinated local and global response is needed if this "ultimate evil" is to be ended. 相似文献
920.
Howe AL 《Journal of aging & social policy》2001,13(2-3):101-116
A series of major reforms implemented through the mid 1980s sought to contain residential care and expand community care in Australia's long-term care system. While this goal has been maintained, a number of new policy initiatives followed the change of federal government in 1996. This article presents a systematic account of current policy objectives, implementation measures, and outcomes in three major policy areas: changing the balance between residential and community care, targeting in community care, and support for family caregivers. This analysis shows that while there have been shifts in emphasis from time to time, concerted policy efforts over the last 20 years have contained the growth of expenditure on long-term care and realized significant change in the service system. 相似文献