Attributions about Addiction among Latina Women

This cross-sectional, secondary analysis study utilizes data from a prior study of intergenerational substance use among Latina women (n = 316). We explored the influence of substance use frequency and type, as well as cultural and socioeconomic factors on attributions about addiction among a predominantly immigrant sample of Latina women. Women who were less proficient in English (an indicator of adoption of the receiving culture in the acculturation process) and more proficient in Spanish (an indicator of heritage-culture retention) endorsed more spiritual model attributions than women who were more proficient in English and less proficient in Spanish. Women were more proficient in Spanish more frequently endorsed the disease attribution model. Alcohol, marijuana use and non-medical sedative use were linked with spiritual, moral /character and disease attribution models respectively. Participants reporting higher education levels indicated less agreement with the moral/character model of addiction. Implications for culturally tailored social work interventions for Latina women are discussed.     

Regulations,policies and practices concerning work stress in five European countries

Abstract

A comparative inventory of regulations, policies and practices in The Netherlands, Sweden, UK, Germany and France with regard to the prevention of work stress was carried out. In each country data were collected by means of interviews with key informants and through exploring relevant documents and literature. It was found that Sweden, The Netherlands and the UK—those countries with framework legislation in the field of health and safety—recognize stress as an important health and safety topic, whereas Germany and France do not yet recognize stress as an important policy issue. However, even in the first group of countries less attention is being paid towards psychosocial work characteristics when compared with traditional health and safety issues, such as noise, machine safety and toxic agents. There is a clear lack of well-documented (national) ‘examples of good preventive practice’, even in Sweden and The Netherlands. Recommendations are being formulated concerning type of legislation, guidance and information, monitoring and risk assessment, costs and benefits, examples of good practice and European networking.     

Going global: professional mobility and concerns for LGBT workers

The world of work has regularized the practice of people moving from one country to another to accept job assignments. Travel and relocation are stress-laden endeavours. For LGBT people, the risks can be more complicated than they are for heterosexuals. This article explores particular challenges that LGBT people face when they travel and relocate for business, both domestically and internationally. The article is contextualized with a literature review on sexual minorities and workplace issues, and uses auto-ethnographic stories of three of the authors’ lived experiences as sexual minorities relocating for professional reasons in order to examine issues related to LGBT relocation. These issues include legal, social, cultural and familial considerations. Implications and suggestions for human resource developers are presented, which include acquiring awareness around the psychological and physiological reactions to new and diverse ecologies, or ‘eco-shocks’.     

Emerging coherence and relations to communication among executive function tasks in toddlers: Evidence from a Latin American sample

Recent work within early executive function (EF) seems to suggest that toddlers show distinct patterns of development, involving poorly correlated performance across EF tasks and significant improvements over relatively short periods of time. The present study sought to extend these findings by investigating evidence for these patterns in toddlers and the existence of more traditional patterns of EF (e.g., correlations between tasks, links to language) when using the same tasks in a novel Latin American sample. Eighty toddlers (18–24 months) and sixty young preschoolers (30–36) months completed a battery of EF tasks, early social communication, and receptive and expressive language measures. Results indicated that toddlers showed similar distinct patterns of development (i.e., few relations between tasks and links to responding to joint attention), but by early preschool a more cohesive EF and links to language were present. Further, work demonstrated significant age (older children outperformed younger children), gender (girls outperformed boys), and socioeconomic differences (satisfied basic needs outperformed unsatisfied basic needs, but only on the snack delay). This work provides evidence for patterns of emerging EF development within this novel cultural sample (and evidence for group differences) that may be supported by communicative and representational development.     

关于社会对技术的必要约束——评技术价值中立论与价值自主论

技术的价值在于它可以物化为人造物 ,用来取代天然自然物和人自身。这种取代的成功导致了人类的“技术化生存”。现代技术有可能导致人的全面异化 ,所以对技术的研究与应用应加以必要的、合理的约束。技术价值中立论认为技术不涉及善恶问题 ,会导致对技术的无任何约束。这种观点是错误的。技术有禁区 ,如果技术研究同人类的根本利益相悖 ,就应当禁止。应提倡技术人道主义原则 ,这就需要摈弃认为技术自我决定、不受任何约束的技术至上论或技术自主论     

国画与阴阳辩证法

本文认为国画具体地体现着阴阳辩证法 ,它集中地表现为“象”与“意”的关系 ,又具体实现在辩证的构图和技法中     

西方主体性思想的历史演进与发展前景--兼评"主体死亡"观点

一些西方学者在所谓后现代主义运动中提出的“主体死亡”的观点是值得商榷的。西方主体性思想在其漫长的历史演进过程中 ,虽然一向内蕴着一些难以解决的矛盾和问题 ,诸如认识外在对象的可能性与主体的绝对被给予性之间的矛盾等 ,但其发展前景却依然会是极其光明的 ,关键在于西方学者能否对之作出更进一层的反思 ,以及能否积极借鉴东方学者、特别是中国学者的有关成果     

Telecommunication and suicide prevention: hopes and challenges for the new century

Development of information technology has created new opportunities and challenges in suicide prevention, research, and clinical practice. This article presents an overview of the wide range of telecommunication-based suicide prevention approaches. Interventions using the Internet, telephone, and videoconferencing are discussed, including crisis intervention, referral, and support, suicide risk assessment, psychotherapy for individuals at risk, and online-based suicide prevention training and education. Research regarding effectiveness of telecommunication-based suicide prevention in various demographic and clinical populations is reviewed, as well as concerns regarding this type of intervention. Future areas of research and development in the use of telecommunication media in prevention of suicide are discussed.     

对高校校务公开操作的探讨

高校校务公开的操作,一要把握好校务公开的原则、内容和形式;二要建好组织领导、监督保证、考核评估机制;三要处理好校务公开与支持校长依法行使职权,以及校务公开与执行其他监督形式的关系.     

论开发区的软环境建设

一些开发区招商引资步履维艰,甚至出现了大起大落的现象,造成资源与财富的严重浪费,其重要原因之一是开发区的软环境较差,为了搞好开发区的软环境建设,应从重塑行政形象入手,加强社区精神明建设,提高“窗口”企业的服务水平,只有“软硬兼施”,具备了能够驾驭时空的两个翅膀,开发区才会平衡起飞,快速发展。