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101.
102.
Abstract. The paper proposes a method of deconvolution in a periodic setting which combines two important ideas, the fast wavelet and Fourier transform-based estimation procedure of Johnstone et al . [ J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 66 (2004) 547] and the multichannel system technique proposed by Casey and Walnut [ SIAM Rev . 36 (1994) 537]. An unknown function is estimated by a wavelet series where the empirical wavelet coefficients are filtered in an adapting non-linear fashion. It is shown theoretically that the estimator achieves optimal convergence rate in a wide range of Besov spaces. The procedure allows to reduce the ill-posedness of the problem especially in the case of non-smooth blurring functions such as boxcar functions: it is proved that additions of extra channels improve convergence rate of the estimator. Theoretical study is supplemented by an extensive set of small-sample simulation experiments demonstrating high-quality performance of the proposed method. 相似文献
103.
ANTONIO GARCÍA DE LE
N 《Journal of historical sociology》1995,8(4):430-477
The clauses of this [social] contract are so determined by the nature of the act that the slightest modification would make them vain and ineffective; so that, although they have perhaps never been formally set forth, they are everywhere the same and everywhere tacitly admitted and recognized, until, on the violation of the social compact, each regains his original rights and resumes his natural liberty, while losing the conventional liberty in favour of which he renounced it. 相似文献
104.
If localized knowledge spillovers are present in the university setting, higher rates of both start‐up and/or survival would be observed in areas that are geographically proximate to the university. Using a detailed industry data set for Texas for 1999:3–2005:2, we analyze start‐up and exit rates for high‐tech firms. Based on a Poisson quasi‐maximum likelihood estimation, we find evidence that the level of R&D and proximity of a research institution positively affects the likelihood of technology start‐ups. However, using both the Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier approach, our results suggest that geographic proximity to knowledge centers does not reduce hazard rates. (JEL R12, R53, O18) 相似文献
105.
UMBERTO PICCHINI REA DE GAETANO SUSANNE DITLEVSEN 《Scandinavian Journal of Statistics》2010,37(1):67-90
Abstract. Stochastic differential equations have been shown useful in describing random continuous time processes. Biomedical experiments often imply repeated measurements on a series of experimental units and differences between units can be represented by incorporating random effects into the model. When both system noise and random effects are considered, stochastic differential mixed-effects models ensue. This class of models enables the simultaneous representation of randomness in the dynamics of the phenomena being considered and variability between experimental units, thus providing a powerful modelling tool with immediate applications in biomedicine and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies. In most cases the likelihood function is not available, and thus maximum likelihood estimation of the unknown parameters is not possible. Here we propose a computationally fast approximated maximum likelihood procedure for the estimation of the non-random parameters and the random effects. The method is evaluated on simulations from some famous diffusion processes and on real data sets. 相似文献
106.
Mike J. Dixon Vance MacLaren Michelle Jarick Jonathan A. Fugelsang Kevin A. Harrigan 《Journal of gambling studies / co-sponsored by the National Council on Problem Gambling and Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming》2013,29(4):661-674
Near-misses in slot machines resemble jackpot wins but fall just short. Previous research has demonstrated that near-misses are behaviorally reinforcing despite the absence of monetary reward. We assessed the hedonic properties of near-misses by measuring the time between outcome delivery and the initiation of the next spin—the post-reinforcement pause (PRP) and skin conductance responses (SCRs) for losses, near-misses, and a range of wins (5, 15, 25, 50 or 250 credits) while participants (N = 122) played a slot machine simulator. PRPs and SCRs were compared for 40 low frequency and 22 high frequency slots players who were non-problem gamblers, 37 at risk players, and 23 problem gamblers. For winning outcomes, PRPs and SCRs tracked monotonically with win size such that progressively larger wins were associated with progressively larger PRPs and SCRs. Near-misses with jackpot symbols landing on the first two reels had significantly larger SCRs than regular losses, and other types of near misses. Crucially, PRPs for this kind of near-miss were significantly smaller than all wins, and when non-parametric statistics were used, significantly smaller than regular losses. This pattern of large SCRs and small PRPs suggest that these are highly frustrating outcomes that stimulate appetitive components of the reward system to promote continued gambling. 相似文献
107.
关于少数民族概念的几个问题--少数民族权利理论问题研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
德全英 《新疆大学学报(社会科学版)》2003,31(1):57-62
“少数民族”一词是一个被广泛使用的概念。“少数民族”概念在各个国家和地区各有不同的界定,每一个国家根据其自身所要调整的民族关系,来定义其特定的少数民族概念,并进而保障少数民族权利。在中国,少数民族概念已经深入人心,这是民族概念在当代中国社会和中国宪法体系中所具有的独特意义和价值。 相似文献