试论公安机关行政处罚中当事人的权利

公安机关在依法作出行政处罚的同时,当事人也享有相应的法律权利,主要有知情权(被告知权)、陈述权、申辩权、要求听证权、申请公安行政复议权、提起公安行政诉讼权和要求公安行政赔偿权.充分地保护当事人的这些权利,在"依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家"的今天,显得非常重要.     

On the Inconsistency of Equilibrium Refinement

Consistency and optimality together with converse consistency provide an illuminating and novel characterization of the equilibrium concept (Peleg and Tijs, 1996). But (together with non-emptiness) they preclude refinements of the equilibrium notion and selection of a unique equilibrium (Norde et al., 1996). We suggest two escape routes: By generalizing the concept of strict equilibrium we question the practical relevance of the existence requirement for refinements. To allow for equilibrium selection we suggest more complex reduced games which capture the inclinations of ``players who already left'.     

The effect of Phase I sample size on the run length performance of control charts for autocorrelated data

Traditional control charts assume independence of observations obtained from the monitored process. However, if the observations are autocorrelated, these charts often do not perform as intended by the design requirements. Recently, several control charts have been proposed to deal with autocorrelated observations. The residual chart, modified Shewhart chart, EWMAST chart, and ARMA chart are such charts widely used for monitoring the occurrence of assignable causes in a process when the process exhibits inherent autocorrelation. Besides autocorrelation, one other issue is the unknown values of true process parameters to be used in the control chart design, which are often estimated from a reference sample of in-control observations. Performances of the above-mentioned control charts for autocorrelated processes are significantly affected by the sample size used in a Phase I study to estimate the control chart parameters. In this study, we investigate the effect of Phase I sample size on the run length performance of these four charts for monitoring the changes in the mean of an autocorrelated process, namely an AR(1) process. A discussion of the practical implications of the results and suggestions on the sample size requirements for effective process monitoring are provided.     

Perfect simulation of conditionally specified models

We discuss how the ideas of producing perfect simulations based on coupling from the past for finite state space models naturally extend to multivariate distributions with infinite or uncountable state spaces such as auto-gamma, auto-Poisson and autonegative binomial models, using Gibbs sampling in combination with sandwiching methods originally introduced for perfect simulation of point processes.     

In memoriam Gerburg Treusch-Dieter (1939–2006)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Estimation from current-status data in continuous time

The nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator for current-status data has been known for at least 40 years, but only recently have the mathematical-statistical properties been clarified. This note provides a case study in the important and often studied context of estimating age-specific immunization intensities from a seroprevalence survey. Fully parametric and spline-based alternatives (also based on continuous-time models) are given. The basic reproduction number R ₀ exemplifies estimation of a functional. The limitations implied by the necessarily rather restrictive epidemiological assumptions are briefly discussed.     

Editorial

Ohne Zusammenfassung

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Editorial